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Biomedical subjects

M Kamiński

Publications and source records attributed to M Kamiński.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Activity of liver cytochrome P-450-dependent monooxygenase system in morphine-dependent rats.

Young female Wistar rats were injected intraperitoneally with increasing doses of morphine (9-45 mg/kg b.w. twice a day) for 14 days. The activities of the cytochrome P-450-dependent monooxygenase system and microsomal electron transport chain I were determined. Long-term morphine treatment decreased significantly cytochrome P-450 content, while it did not affect microsomal electron transport chain I. A decrease in cytochrome b5 content was accompanied by a compensatory increase in the activity of NADH-cytochrome b5 reductase. Both 4-aminopyrine N-demethylase activity and aniline hydroxylase activity decreased after morphine treatment (48% and 70%, respectively, when compared with controls).

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Investigation of coherence structure and EEG activity propagation during sleep.

Overnight sleep EEG recorded from 21 derivations was studied for 7 subjects (4 normal and 3 depressive). The multichannel autoregressive model was fitted to all 21 channels simultaneously. Ordinary, multiple and partial coherencies and directed transfer function were estimated for sleep stages and wakefulness. Ordinary coherencies give rather trivial information that coherence decreases with the distance. Partial coherencies revealed specific structure to a large degree repeatable for studied subjects. Study of directed transfer function made possible the identification of main centres from which EEG activity is spreading during sleep. An EEG analysis, based on treating signals as a realization of one process and on simultaneous (not pair-wise) evaluation of time series, offers new possibilities in the investigation of synchronization and functional relations in brains.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Effect of the cholesterol and protein diet on cytochrome P-450 dependent monooxygenase activity].

The effect of cholesterol and protein diet on mixed-function oxidase activity and desaturation of fatty acids were studid as well as phenobarbital inducibility of those parameters. Investigations were carried out on Wistar adult male rats. The animals were on the cholesterol (0.25%) and protein (32%) diet for 45 days. Cytochrome P-450 and cytochrome b5 contents, NADPH-cytochrome P-450 reductase, NADH-cytochrome b5 reductase, aniline hydroxylase and 4-aminopyrine N-demethylase activities were measured in a hepatic microsomal fraction. The cholesterol diet exerted a negative effect on all parameters except NADH-cytohrom b5 reductase. The protein diet did not change the activity or levels of enzymes under study. The only exception applied to induction of NADH-cytochrome b5 reductase and 4-aminopyrine N-demethylase activities. Simultaneous treatment with phenobarbital had a heterogenous effect depending on the type of diet and parameters examined.

Aminopyrine N-Demethylase↗
PubMed1994

[Induced modifications of liver cytochrome P-450 levels as a function of age in rats].

In this paper we showed age effect on hepatic level of cytochrome P-450. We discussed effects of inductors on this hemoprotein also. Cytochrome P-450 content increased to 1-month of life, but decreased to 4-month. In the oldest rats cytochrome P-450 increased again. Content of this hemoprotein was induced by phenobarbital and beta-naphthoflavone in all examined groups, especially strong in young animals. Induction effect of dexamethasone was observed in 4-20-month of life.

Aging↗
PubMed1994

[Induced modification of liver NADPH-cytochrome P-450 activity and II microsomal electron transport chain as a function of age in rats].

In this paper we showed age effect on NADPH-cytochrome P-450 reductase activity, cytochrome b5 and NADH-cytochrome b5 reductase from rat liver. We discussed effect of some I, II and III classes inductor also. Activity NADPH-cytochrome P-450 reductase softly decreased from 0.5-2-month of life, but in older groups gradually increased. In 28-month-old rats it was twice fold youngest. Phenobarbital and dexamethasone (without 28-month-old age rats) induced but beta-naphthoflavone inhibited activity of this reductase. Cytochrome b5 content softly decreased to 4-month of life. In older animals changed of this hemoprotein content were not observed. The examined inductors of monooxygenase system decreased cytochrome b5 level. NADH-cytochrome b5 reductase activity increased to 1-month of life, but in older group decreased. After 2-month changes of activity were very small only. Phenobarbital, beta-naphthoflavone and dexamethasone inhibited activity of this reductase.

Aging↗
PubMed1994

[Processes of cell necrosis--apoptosis--and their modification by toxic substances].

Apoptosis--a programme physiological necrosis of cells is a synonym of a complex multistage process of cell reduction described during the 1970s. It occurs during metamorphosis on insects and amphibians as well as during embryogenesis, intrauterine and extra-fetal life of mammals. It regulates the atrophy of completely developed organs, e.g. thymus, and the hormonal restructuring of adrenal glands, mammary and prostate glands, ovaries and others. It is a reverse of proliferation and it guarantees homeostasis of the number, structure and biochemical activity of tissues and organs. It is developed by apoptosis substances and factors represented by protein hormones, peptides, steroid hormones, cytokines and metabolites of vitamin A, antimetabolites, drugs, toxic substances, ionizing radiation, antigens. On the other hand, the development of apoptosis is arrested by so called "survival factors"--erythropoietin, CSF, NGF, IL-1 and 2, certain hormones, phenobarbital, cyproterone. The process of a programmed necrosis is associated with spectacular "events" of morphological, biochemical and macromolecular nature. Steering is provided by a group of genes, partly recognized, particularly in the Nematode of Caenorhabditis elegans. They are among others killer genes which remove the remnants of decaying cells and genes which hinder the expression of death genes. Transduction of the signal from the receptor to the nuclear chromatin releasing a programmed necrosis of cells is also discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Transmission electron microscopy of microvilli of intestinal epithelial cells in celiac disease in remission and transient gluten enteropathy in children after a gluten-free diet.

The structure of microvilli of intestinal epithelial cells was investigated in 70 children: 34 with celiac disease in remission, 28 with transient gluten enteropathy after a gluten-free diet, and eight controls. Transmission electron microscopy was used to determine the mean thickness of the glycocalyx layer covering the microvilli, the mean length and width of microvilli, and the number of microvilli per 1 micron length of enterocyte surface. The structure of the glycocalyx was found to be intact, but in some children with treated celiac disease the layer of glycocalyx was either thin or absent on the surface of individual cell microvilli. In children with treated celiac disease, microvilli were statistically significantly shorter than those in children with transient gluten enteropathy and controls. Microvillous width in treated celiac disease was greater as compared with that in controls. There was no difference in the number of microvilli on the enterocyte surface in the three groups.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1993

Age associated differences in effects of benzene on mixed-function oxidases in phenobarbital-treated rats.

These studies were performed on 5, 10, 30, 60 and 540 days old female Wistar rats. The animals were treated i.p. with phenobarbital (50 mg/kg body weight) and benzene (250 mg/kg body weight). In smooth (SER) and rough (RER) hepatic microsomes, the mixed function oxidases activity were studied. The earlier phenobarbital induction decreased the negative benzene influence. In all examined animals this was observed for protein, cytochrome P-450, and demethylase 4-aminopyrine activities. A partial decrease of inhibition was noticed only for activities of NADPH-cytochrome bs and NADH-cytochrome bs reductase activities, phenobarbital did not significantly change the effect of benzene.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1993

[Occurrence of antituberculous antibodies in patients with lung tuberculosis and other inflammatory states of the respiratory system].

In this study an indirect immunofluorescence method was applied. Determinations regarded the level of anti-H37Rv antibodies in patients with bacteriologically confirmed lung tuberculosis and in a control group consisting of healthy volunteers. Antibody levels were significantly higher in sick patients. We conclude that this method may be applied as a supplementary diagnostic test in doubtful cases and that it can prove useful as screening test for investigation of groups of population especially at risk from tuberculosis. Applied method of indirect immunofluorescence is easy to perform, quick (time of the test takes about 3 hours), available in Poland, and cheaper than ELISA.

Antibodies, Bacterial↗
PubMed1993

[Triton tumor].

A lethal case of a very rare Triton Tumor is described in a 57 year old woman who was treated surgically and postoperatively radiated with Co-60. Finally an adjuvant chemotherapy was performed on her. The characteristic of the tumor and difficulties in diagnosis and management were pointed out.

Cheek↗
PubMed1993

Circadian variation of mitochondrial succinic dehydrogenase and microsomal cytochrome P-450 dependent monooxygenase activity in the liver of sexually immature and mature rats.

The experiments were carried out on 60-day and 6-month old male Wistar rats within 48 h in one season of the year (autumn). Material was collected every four hours, beginning from 10:00 a.m. The present results indicate that the fluctuations of cytochrome P-450 content in liver microsomes in both age groups occurred in a 12 h rhythm with peaks at 10:00 and 22:00. Similarly, the activity fluctuations of NADPH-cytochrome c reductase showed the 12 h rhythm, with maximal values at 10:00 and 22:00, too. The cytochrome b5 content in a younger group of rats oscillated apparently in the 12 h rhythm with the maximal values at 06:00 and 18:00. The activity course of cytochrome b5 in 6-month-old rats revealed a 24 h rhythm and two maxima of the activity were found: the first one at 14:00 and the second one at 02:00. NADH-cytochrome b5 reductase in both age groups showed a 24 h rhythm, also the activity fluctuations of succinic dehydrogenase showed a tendency to 24-h rhythmicity, and the differences between minimal and maximal values were statistically insignificant. The results of our experiment have shown some correlations between the activity of microsomal system of mixed-function oxidases and mitochondrial respiratory enzyme.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

[Effect of age and phenobarbital on liver activity of mixed function oxidase].

Effect of age and phenobarbital on the rat mixed function oxidase activity was studied. Male Wistar rats 0.5-, 1-, 2-, 4-, 8-, 12-, 20- and 28 month-old were used. In this study the levels of cytochrome P-450 and cytochrome b5. NADPH-cytochrome P-450 and NADH-cytochrome b5 reductases activity were examined. Both cytochrome P-450 and NADPH-cytochrome P-450 reductase activity was induced by phenobarbital in all animals. Maximum was observed in 4- and 8-month-old for hemoprotein and 2-month-old rats for reductase activity but minimum in youngest and oldest one respectively. On the contrary, cytochrome b5 and NADH-cytochrome b5 reductase activity was inhibited after phenobarbital injection. The highest depression of cytochrome b5 content was found in youngest, but the enzyme activity in oldest rats.

Aging↗
PubMed1991

[Occurrence of anti-Mycobacterium antibodies detected by the indirect immunofluorescence method in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and in healthy controls].

Due to an unfavorable epidemiological situation in tuberculosis in Poland and diagnostical difficulties the authors suggest the need to enlarge the diagnostical tests used in detecting M. tuberculosis with modern immunological methods. In this study we analysed serum of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis determining with the indirect immunofluorescence method the levels of specific antibodies of the IgG class directed against Mycobacteria. The heat attenuated H37Rv strain was used as a standard. Significantly higher levels of antibodies were seen in patients with tuberculosis in comparison with control. These preliminary results suggest diagnostic utility of antimycobacterial antibodies assessed with immunofluorescence in diagnosing infections and suggest the possible comparability with the ELISA method.

Antibodies, Bacterial↗
PubMed1990

[Systemic localization of mixed function oxidases].

The localization of cytochrome P-450 dependent monooxygenase system in particular organs as well as in cellular structures has been presented. Attention was paid to microsomal, mitochondrial (inner membrane), nuclear (nuclear envelope), nucleolar localization of the system. In the liver cytochrome P-450 dependent monooxygenases occur in their maximum concentration, clustering in hepatocytes of the III acini zones. Cytochrome P-450 contents and the activity of its reductase gradually decrease in cells of the II and I zones. In the nephron the system under consideration also occurs in mitochondria and microsomes especially within the main nephron, that is, in the proximal convoluted tubules and in straight tubules. It has been estimated that the metabolic potential of the system does not exceed 15-20% of its hepatic potential. In the lungs which are an important pathway of xenobiotic penetration, cytochrome P-450 is found in Clara cells of the bronchioli, macrophages, II type alveolocytes and in the cells of endothelial blood vessels. In the alimentary tract the maximal concentration of the system in the proximal segment of the small intestine and its gradual reduction towards the rectum have been noted. In the villi and intestinal folds, enterocytes located on the peaks of the mentioned structures are characterized by the highest contents and activity of biotransformatic enzymes. The localization and role of the system in the placenta, elastic vessels, brain and prostatic gland have also been discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Circadian and seasonal rhythms of the hepatic microsomal mixed function oxidase system in 60- and 100-day-old rats].

The purpose of this work was to determine seasonal differences in circadian activity microsomal mixed-function oxidases in mature rats. The experiments were carried in four seasons (spring, summer, autumn and winter) on 60- and 100-days old Wistar males rats. The animals were bred in constant condition, illumination (12:12) i.e. 06.00-18.00 h light, 18.00-06.00 h dark and in uniform temperature (about 20 degrees C) as well as in unchanging humidity (60%). The experiments were carried in 48 hours cycle i.e. at 10.00, 14.00, 18.00, 22.00, 02.00 and 06.00. In each experimental group results are mean value from five delineation. Microsomal fraction were isolated by Dallner method. The contents of cytochrome P-450 and cytochrome b5 were determined by the method of Estabrook and Werringloer, activity of reductases: NADPH-cytochrome P-450 and NADH-cytochrome b5 (by Hodges and Leonard method) and protein content by Lowry et al. Experimental groups were compared for statistically significant differences by analysis of variance and t test. The obtained results showed differences in seasonal and circadian rhythmicity of examined parameters.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[The effect of benzene on the activity of the hepatic mono-oxygenase system of female rats as a function of age].

The aim of the work was an attempt to estimate the changes taking place in the hepatic microsomes of a rat, in the early phase of newborn life, maturation and growing old after peritoneal benzene administration. The observations were led on a smooth and rough endoplasmic reticulum fractions. The object of experiment were P-450-dependent monooxygenases cytochrome. In the experiment the female Wistar rats at age: 5-, 10-, 15-, 30-, 60 days old and 18 months old were used. 6 hours before decapitation the rats were given benzene in peritoneal way, in dose 250 mg per kg of the body weight. In a smooth and rough microsomes were indicated: protein contents, cytochromes P-450 and b5 contents and also the activity of NADPH-cytochrome c and NADH-cytochrome b5 reductases, aniline hydroxylase and 4-aminopyrine demethylase. Benzene revealed a changing influence on protein contents. In the rough fraction the negative influence was observed, but in the smooth fraction a clear stimulation was observed in certain age intervals. The influence of the discussed hydrocarbon on the cytochrome P-450 contents was similar in both subfractions. In animals entering puberty benzene was found to reduce P-450 contents. The activity of NADPH-cytochrome c reductase, 4-aminopyrine demethylase, and aniline hydroxylase was modified to different degrees depending on age of the animals, the inhibitory effect being prevailing. The contents of cytochrome b5 in SER and RER didn't change in extreme age groups but it was remarkably reduced during puberty. A significantly changing influence of benzene on the activity of NADH-cytochrome b5 reductase was observed both in smooth and rough fractions.

Aging↗
PubMed1989

Chronomorphology of the duodenum in man.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the possible existence of rhythmicity of some morphological structures of the duodenum [correction of jejunum] in man. The height of intestinal villi was found to vary significantly during the 24 h time span, being higher during the day than during the night, when the proportion between small and medium size villi changed (p less than 0.05). The highest mitotic activity was found at 200 and at 600, and the lowest at 1000 and 1400 (p less than 0.01). Both height and width of microvilli did not change during the 24 h span, while thickness of the glycocalyx was slightly higher during the day when compared to the night. There were no significant circadian changes of Paneth cell granularity. We conclude that circadian rhythmicity of duodenum [correction of jejunum] morphology in man is less distinct than in animals, but that significant circadian changes in some parameters do exist.

Adult↗