PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

M M Levachev

Publications and source records attributed to M M Levachev.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[Lipid and fatty acid composition and lipid peroxidation of sublimated mare's milk after its long term preservation using antioxidants].

Sublimated mare's milk was stored with and without antioxidants during one year. The antioxidants quercetin and bisalcophen were introduced before drying in a dose of 0.02% relative to milk fat. Lipid, fatty acid composition and lipid peroxidation (LPO) parameters (diene and triene conjugates, total lipid oxidation) were studied immediately after drying and after 3, 6, 9 and 12 months of storage. No significant changes were detected in lipid, fatty-acid composition and LPO rate after 3 months of dried milk storage without additives. Significant deterioration of lipid, fatty-acid composition, increase of LPO and oxidation of milk were recorded after 6 months. Addition of quercetin and bisalcophen promoted stabilization of fatty-acid composition and prolonged the term of sublimated mare's milk storage.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The effect of a diet enriched with food fibers and polyunsaturated fatty acids on the composition of the lipid components in the enterohepatic circulation system in rabbits with cholestasis].

In experiments on rabbits that had undergone partial constriction of the choledochus, the development of calculous hepatocholecystitis was observed in a half of the operated on animals. No biliary calculi were detected in the animals that received the ration enriched with food vegetable fibres, beta-sitosterol and linoleic polyunsaturated fatty acids after similar operations.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Effects of anti-atherosclerosis diet containing omega 3 fatty acids on the lipid spectrum of blood and cell membranes in patients with ischemic heart disease and essential hypertension].

A total of 27 patients received an anti-atherosclerotic diet containing fatty fish Greenland halibut, 100 g/day. Significant reduction of the total cholesterol level, cholesterol levels of very low and low density proteins, triglycerides, atherogenic index, elevation of blood fibrinolytic activity in the presence of lowered levels of arachidonic acid and an increased relative content of omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) were recorded in membranes of red blood cells and platelets. The results of the investigations conducted have shown that even rather low doses of omega 3 PUFA introduced in the presence of the hypolipidemic diet are conductive to the alimentary correction of the blood serum lipid spectrum of the fatty-acid content in cellular membrane structural lipids.

Coronary Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[An experimental evaluation of the hypoallergenic action of fat constituents for specialized therapeutic products].

The influence of fatty compositions with varying proportions of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) omega-6 and omega-3 on the manifestation severity of anaphylaxis to ovalbumin (OVA), whole pasteurized cow milk (WPCM), and sensitivity to histamine LD50 were investigated in male guinea pigs. Hypoallergenic effect to OVA and WPCM, decreased sensitivity to to histamine LD50 were manifested in the animals which received the fatty composition with a high ratio of omega-6 and omega-3 PUFA (24, 20). A correlation was established between the hypoallergenic action of the fatty composition and the content of medium- and long-chain saturated fatty acids in this composition. The results obtained have been considered with respect to the characteristics of the immunomodulatory effects of PUFA omega-6, omega-3 and saturated fatty acids.

Anaphylaxis↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The vitamin E allowance of rats on different combinations of sunflower and soybean oils in their diets].

Soybean oil and its combinations with sunflower oil, as 1:1 and 1:3, were used in the rations intended for rats. As it is evidenced by the data on the content of tocopherol in the tissues, malonic dialdehide in the liver, diene conjugates in the liver and red blood cells, and red blood cell resistance, the fatty products used in the rations sufficiently provided the animals with antioxidants. The role of tocopherol isomers and phosphatides, as synergists of antioxidants in varying combinations of soybean and sunflower oils, formed for simultaneous intake of linoleic and linolenic acids with the ration, has been analyzed.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Study of the effect of rations containing dietary fiber on the level of total lipids and cholesterol in the blood and liver of the rat during a 6.5-month experiment].

The influence of the following food fibers: wheat bran, citrus pectin, microcrystallized cellulose, methyl cellulose, was studied in experiments on male Wistar rats. Basing on the data obtained it has been suggested that the diets with pectin are conducive to secretion of general lipids and sterols from the liver. Comparison of the action of natural food fibers (wheat bran, pectin) with artificial fibers (microcrystallized cellulose, methyl cellulose) has not revealed any changes in the blood cholesterol level. At the same time a lower content of total lipids and cholesterol was recorded in the liver of rats that had received pectin and bran.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Characteristics of the binding by serum albumin of fatty acids and products of their peroxidation during intensive muscular work].

The ability of serum albumin to bind polyunsaturated fatty acids and products of their peroxidation in long-distance cyclists was investigated during their recovery period. In response to high workloads well trained athletes, when compared to lower class cyclists, showed a significant decrease of partial portions of linoleic, arachidonic, eicosapentaenic and other fatty acids. These findings indicate that albumin plays an important part in the transport of fatty acids and lipid peroxidation products as one of biochemical components of metabolic transformations in the course of adaptation to high workloads.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Comparative analysis of the lipid-protein spectrum of lipoproteins and fatty acid composition of lipids in plasma and erythrocytes of native populations of Chukotka and Moscow].

A lower content of total cholesterol, triglycerides, cholesterol of low density lipoproteins (LDL) and apo B as well as a higher content of cholesterol in high density lipoproteins (HDL) were found in coast and continental Chuckchee land inhabitants as compared with moscowites, which are dissimilar in consumption of polyunsaturated fatty acids n-3. At the same time, the lower content of total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and higher concentration of HDL cholesterol were detected in blood plasma of coast inhabitants as compared with continental residents of the Chuckchee land, while content of apo B and triglycerides was similar. Concentration of apoA-I was the same in all three groups of the persons examined. The diet of coast Chuchkchee land inhabitants, involving the higher level of unsaturated fatty acids n-3, resulted in the higher ratio between HDL cholesterol and apoA-I, in the higher part of unsaturated fatty acids n-3 in blood plasma lipids (phospholipids and cholesterol esters) and erythrocytes; it led to a relative increase of sphingomyelin and phosphatidyl-ethanolamine and to a decrease of phosphatidylcholine in HDL subfractions. The data obtained suggest that the diet, enriched with polyunsaturated fatty acids n-3, exhibited the generalized effect on fatty acid composition of a number of cell membranes and, hence, on their functions.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Study of lipid ligands in serum albumin in sportsmen using thin layer chromatography].

Lipid composition and the ability of serum albumin to bind lipid components and products of their peroxidation were investigated in cyclists of different rating during moderate workloads. Ratios of subfractions of phospholipids and other lipid metabolites in blood serum albumin were determined by the method of thin-layer chromatography. Diene conjugates and diene ketones were found to be actively formed in plasma of highly trained cyclists in whom a high lipid capacity of albumin was associated with its low affinity for lipid hydroperoxides.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Lipids, bile and fatty acids of the bile in rabbits with hypercholesterolemia].

Fractions of bile acids, neutral lipids, phospholipids as well as their fatty acid composition were studied in bile of 7 rabbits with alimentary hypercholesterolemia. Distinct alterations were observed in content of lipid fractions involved in cholesterol metabolism; the spectrum of fatty acids were transformed mainly towards increase in content of polyunsaturated acids, the bile acid spectrum was also altered. These alterations in metabolism of bile lipids appear to serve for neutralization of the unfavourable effect of cholesterol excess.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Transport of fatty acids and products of their peroxidation by serum albumin in ischemic and non-coronary injury of the myocardium].

Functional ability of blood serum albumin to bind lipids, fatty acids and products of their peroxidation was studied in ischemic and non-coronary impairments of myocardium. Certain alterations were detected in the transport volumes of low molecular substances studied, which suggest the important function of albumin in biochemical shifts of bioenergetic and other metabolic reactions during myocardial impairments.

Biological Transport↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Changes in fatty acid composition of the plasma and erythrocytes in osteochondrosis].

Alteration of fatty acid composition was studied in blood plasma and erythrocytes of 14 patients with osteochondrosis under conditions of relief-diet therapy. During the period of full starvation distinct decrease in content of linoleic and eicosatrienic acids as well as an increase in content of palmitic, oleic and arachidonic acids were detected in blood plasma. Shifts in the ratio linoleic/arachidonic acids towards an increase in content of arachidonic acid appear to occur as a result of adaptation to stress caused by hunger. These alterations in the fatty acid spectrum of blood plasma, observed during starvation, were normalized within two weeks of recreative diet therapy. Deficiency in polyunsaturated fatty acids was not found in erythrocyte membranes under conditions of the relief-diet therapy course used.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Enhanced resistance of mice (CBA strain) to infection caused by S. typhimurium depending on the nature of the fat in the diet].

Mice received rations containing a mixture of lard with sunflower oil, butter, cooking fat (hydrogenated), fish fat. Hydrogenated fat and fish fat induced a decrease in the portion of polyunsaturated fatty acid omega 6 in lipids of lymphocytes, Peyer's patches, mesenteric lymph nodes and the spleen. At the same time fish fat induced an increase of the portion of polyunsaturated fatty acid omega 3 in lipids studied. A relationship has been noted between the animal survival after intraperitoneal infection with S. Typhimurium and the fatty acid composition in lymphoid tissues. The highest survival rate has been recorded in the groups of animals that received cooking (hydrogenated) fat and fish fat.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Planning the fatty-acid composition of new food products based on the complex use of various raw materials].

The authors have considered calculating methods permitting design of fatty-acid composition of new full-value foodstuffs basing on combined utilization of varying types of raw materials, proceeding from the comparative analysis of the composition of the starting ingredients and hypothetic reference fat products. Certain regularities associated with the design of combined fat products have been confirmed. The lipid effectiveness coefficient values have been presented for a number of traditional and purified foodstuffs.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Evaluation of the effects of lipids isolated from sublimated mare's milk on the indicators of lipid metabolism and fatty acid composition of blood plasma, erythrocyte stroma and liver tissue in rats].

During six weeks rats were given a ration containing, as the only source of fat, lipids of sublimated mare's milk that had been stored with or without antioxidants (quercitrol, bisalcophen) during 3 months. The influence of specific quality of the ration fat on lipids and fatty acid composition of lipids in blood plasma, erythrocytic stroma and liver tissue, as well as on lipid peroxidation in the tissues was studied in the test animals. No changes induced by the lipids from sublimated mare's milk were detected in the parameters studied.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Comparative evaluation of the hypolipidemic action of sunflower oil and "Zdorov'e" margarine incorporated into the anti-atherosclerotic diet of ischemic heart disease patients].

Patients with ischemic heart disease attended by type II hyperlipidemia received diets containing sunflower oil (group I) or margarine "Zdorovie" (group II) as a source of poly-unsaturated fatty acids. Pronounced reduction of the blood cholesterol level was recorded in both groups of patients studied. Margarine "Zdorovie" is recommended for subjects intolerant to vegetable oils.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Experimental effect of the quality of various diets on blood vessel walls].

In experiments on rats it was shown that the rations containing casein (18 and 5% calorific value) and fatty component completely substituted for butter (30 and 50% calorific value), in the presence of hypersholesterolemia, hyper-beta-lipoproteinemia and hypo-alpha-lipoproteinemia, induced changes in the elasticity of the aorta, coronary and intrarenal arteries. Swelling, separation, disappearance of elasticity and tinctorial properties of elastic fibers of tunica media vasorum and internal elastic membrane were observed in the animals given the above rations during 1-6 months. In the coronary and intrarenal arteries these changes were attended by vacuolization and destruction of the medial smooth muscle cells. The vascular alterations were most early and drastically manifest in the animals that received the ration with 5% protein and 50% butter. No vascular changes were noted in the animals given sunflower oil in similar amounts and during the same period as butter, with 18% protein in the ration. Such action of sunflower oil was not pronounced when the ration contained 5% protein, large amount of cholesterol (1% of the ration mass) or trans-isomers of unsaturated fatty acids.

Animals↗