PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

M Neumann

Publications and source records attributed to M Neumann.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Hemolytic uremic syndrome: current pathophysiology and management.

The combination of microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, and renal failure, referred to as hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS), is one of the main causes of acute renal failure in children. In most patients, infection with verotoxin-producing E. coli (VTEC, serotype O157:H7) precedes the development of bloody diarrhea (D+) characteristic of enteropathic HUS cases. In a minority, however, neither the enteropathogenic bacteria nor bloody diarrhea (D-) are documented. Despite that the pathogenesis of the two varieties remains unclear, clinical differentiation between D+ and D- HUS is extremely important to the final outcome. A more severe course, which may result in end stage renal disease, is frequently observed in the D- group.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1994

Post-traumatic stress disorder in myocardial infarction patients: prevalence study.

This study examined the prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in a sample of 100 Israeli myocardial infarction (MI) patients. Chronic PTSD was diagnosed in 16% of these patients and acute (PTSD) in 9%. The appearance of PTSD following MI was found to be related to the following variables: ethnic background; prior traumatic experiences, including prior MI; and anticipation of disability following MI. Objective measures of MI severity were not related to propensity to develop PTSD. The presence of PTSD correlated with self reports of dysfunction in these MI patients and may account for the majority of failures in rehabilitation.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Involuntary outpatient commitment: ethical and legal aspects].

In 1991 the Israeli Knesset (parliament) drafted new legislation for the treatment of the mentally ill. One of the innovations was involuntary outpatient commitment (IOC), which allows the district psychiatrist to order a patient to attend a clinic and receive ambulatory care. IOC is an attempt to address the problem of the "revolving door" patients, chronic mental patients who after discharge do not continue medication and therefore relapse and have to be readmitted.

Ambulatory Care↗
PubMed1993

The effects of ambient NO2 on lung function in primary schoolchildren.

The effect of ambient NO2 on lung function was investigated in a sample of 423 schoolchildren. At each of four locations NO2 was monitored continuously. Over a 6-month period from January to June 1990 two surveys were performed and spirometry recorded each time for each child. Linear regression was used to estimate the effect of NO2 for different time intervals preceding lung function testing. A decrease of NO2 between surveys was significantly associated with a higher forced vital capacity (FVC) at the second survey. For each microgram/m3 NO2 decrease the model predicted an increase in FVC of 1.5 ml [for the 2-hr mean (P < 0.05)] and 3.1 ml [for the 12-hr mean (P < 0.01)]. We conclude that even at NO2 levels below current air-quality standards children demonstrate significant changes in lung function.

Air Pollutants↗
PubMed1993

Productive expression state confers resistance of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-2-infected lymphoma cells against superinfection by HIV-1.

In the past, positive as well as negative results pertaining to HIV-1/HIV2 interference have been obtained. Therefore, in the present study attention was paid to the viral expression state of preinfected cells at the time of exposure to secondary virus. A clonal HIV-2 infected HUT-78 cell line was derived by endpoint dilution and subsequently inoculated with cell-free HIV-1. Superinfection with HIV-1 was ruled out by Western blot and PCR analysis. The chronically HIV-2 infected cells used for these studies showed a highly productive expression state, as evidenced by immunoperoxidase staining (IPS), Western blot profile and levels of reverse transcriptase (RT) activity. We discuss several mechanisms of interference in productively infected cells, which may confer resistance to superinfection with secondary virus.

Blotting, Southern↗
PubMed1993

Central microbial keratitis in a Swedish city population. A three-year prospective study in Gothenburg.

An analysis of central microbial keratitis with respect to etiology, recovery, complications and visual outcome was carried out in Gothenburg, Sweden, during a 3-year period. Gram positive bacteria were found in 22 out of 48 cases; Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis accounted for more than 50% of these Gram positive cases. Pseudomonas was the most common Gram negative bacterium. No case with etiology of fungus was found. The contact lens wearers showed mainly the same bacterial spectrum as non-wearers. The initial 'shotgun' therapy with cefuroxime and gentamycin seemed adequate for this bacterial spectrum. Seventy percent of the eyes healed within 3 weeks. Contact lens wear and trauma were found to be the two major predisposing factors in the cases with microbial keratitis. The lens wearers had shorter recovery times than the non wearers. The visual results after one month were good in 50% of the eyes, and another 12% attained useful vision.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Pseudopregnancy and postpartum psychosis: a case study.

We report on an uncommon case of a woman who presents with pseudopregnancy. In the past she suffered from postpartum psychosis and an episode characterized by pseudohallucinations. No such association was reported in the literature survey we have made. We discuss the distinction between the overvalued idea as presented in pseudopregnancy and delusion as presented in the postpartum psychosis and suggest that the two phenomena can be viewed as a continuum rather than dichotomized, especially in cases like the one reported here.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

The psychiatrist as a psychotherapist: the problem of identity.

Becoming a psychotherapist is a complicated process for individuals from any discipline but for physicians the process is even more difficult. We consider the identity issue to be central to the integration of psychotherapy into the training of psychiatrists. Residents can be taught that seemingly contradictory aspects of identity can coexist successfully. It is important to address this issue early in the training of residents and to provide a setting in which a positive professional identity can develop. Failure to do so can lead to frustration, anger, demoralization, and devaluation, inhibiting optimal development of skills.

Combined Modality Therapy↗
PubMed1993

[Assessment of whole cell deformability of individual erythrocytes with a capillary rigidometer--possibilities for standardization and modification].

Human erythrocyte deformability is determined by cell geometry and volume, membrane elasticity and cytoplasmic viscosity. The deformability of red blood cells and their distribution among the total cell population, can be studied with the Capillary Rigidometer. This device is based on the kinetic measurement of red blood cell deformability, which has been developed, by modifying the micropipette aspiration technique. In order to investigate the validity of the method and the measuring parameters, a number of determining factors (heat treatment, osmolarity-changed cells) influencing the deformability were studied, and the sensitivity of the defined parameters for changes in deformability discussed. The results are examined in connection with different flow rates in the micropipette and show that the parameters are influenced by the flow conditions, so that they have to be related to these conditions. Initial studies using microspheres aimed at standardising the method are described.

Erythrocyte Deformability↗