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Biomedical subjects

M Nowaczyk

Publications and source records attributed to M Nowaczyk.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Immunoregulatory factors controlling terminal differentiation of malignant B-lymphocytes.

B-lymphocytes of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia differentiate in vitro towards plasma cells upon activation with Pokeweed mitogen (PWM) and Cowan. The level of response is much lower than that of normal cells and so is the helper T-cell function. However, concanavalin A-activated suppressor T-cell function of Ig synthesis is normal. Malignant B-cells have a normal capacity to stimulate Ig synthesis in the mixed lymphocyte cultures, but they respond poorly to an allogeneic stimulus. Thymosin (TFX) causes a marked enhancement of PWM-driven differentiation of malignant B-cells.

B-Lymphocytes↗
PubMed1983

Immunomodulating influence of active metabolite of cyclophosphamide on human lymphocyte immunoglobulin biosynthesis in vitro.

4-hydroxycyclophosphamide (4HCy) inhibits T cell-dependent and direct B cell humoral responses of human lymphocytes in vitro, but causes a potentiation of the former in the lowest drug concentrations. Lymph node humoral responses are strongly sensitive, but those of spleen are relatively resistant to the drug. Although the induction of suppressor T cells is Cy-resistant, the expression of their function is sensitive. The suppressor cell function of antibody production appears to be more sensitive than the helper function.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1982

Thymosin: an immunomodulator of antibody production in man.

Thymosin (TFX) stimulates polyclonal antibody synthesis of human peripheral blood, lymph node and spleen lymphocytes. This stimulation is observed only with T-cell-dependent polyclonal activators of immunoglobulin production and its mechanism appears to be associated with TFX-induced activation of T-helper cells. On the other hand, antibody production in vitro of lymphocytes already involved in high humoral responses is inhibited by thymosin. TFX has similar activity both in vitro and in vivo.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1981

The influence of autologous erythrocytes on active T-cells rosetting with sheep red blood cells and on DNA synthesis.

The addition of autologous erythrocytes to a mixture of human peripheral blood lymphocytes and sheep red blood cells (SRBC) alters the spontaneous rosetting reaction in the test detecting the active fraction of T lymphocytes (ARFC). Increase in rosetting is more often observed in mixtures containing smaller human red blood cell: lymphocyte ratios, while inhibition occurred in those containing a higher ratio. Autologous erythrocytes also affected DNA synthesis when added to three-day lymphocyte cultures, unstimulated or stimulated with BCG. These effects were more strongly pronounced when phagocytic cells were removed from lymphocytes tested.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Inhibition or stimulation of immediate, spontaneous rosette formation at various SRBC:lymphocyte ratios.

The active rosette-forming cell (ARFC) percentage was investigated in a group of 100 persons, consisting of 50 healthy blood donors, 30 cancer patients (CA), and 20 patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The test was repeatedly performed using five SRBC:lymphocyte ratios: 10:1, 20:1, 5-:1, 100:1, and 200:1. In 18% of healthy donors and 30-40% of cancer patients, contrary to the remaining persons no relation between ARFC percentage and the SRBC:lymphocyte ratio was found. The "optimal" SRBC:lymphocyte ratio, varied from group to group and was 20:1 for most of RA patients, 50:1 for most of CA patients and 100:1 for most of healthy people. Sometimes, at higher SRBC:lymphocyte ratios a significant lowering of the ARFC percentage was found in relation to the optimal proportion for a given person, and this was observed for 200:1 ratio in 68% of healthy people, 54% of cancer patients and 90% of patients with RA. It is suggested, that ARFC test should be always performed at least in these three SRBC:lymphocyte ratios. Inhibition or stimulation of rosette formation by supernatant fluids of lymphocytes and SRBC suggest that SRBC release substances, which can directly or indirectly inhibit or stimulate rosette formation.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Studies on the human mixed lymphocyte culture. I. The influence of the irradiated autogenic and allogenic lymphocytes on DNA synthesis.

Fourteen patients with chronic renal failure and their prospective living donors were examined. DNA uptake by donors' monocultures, recipients' monocultures and mixed cultures was measured. The influence of X-ray treated cells on proliferative capacity of untreated cells in these three types of cultures was studied. The suppressing effect of irradiated cells was found in 52%, the enhancing one in 7% and no effect was observed in 41% of lymphocyte cultures. The possible explanations of the findings are discussed.

DNA↗
PubMed1978

Studies on the human mixed lymphocyte culture. II. Comparison of one-way and two-way test performed on lymphocytes of patients with end-stage renal failure and their prospective living donors.

The results of DNA synthesis in human one-way and two-way mixed lymphocyte cultures were compared. Twenty patients with chronic renal failure and their twenty six prospective living donors were investigated. Statistical correlation was found on the level alpha = 0.01 between the stimulation index value calculated for one-way and two-way technique. Two-way MLC, the rapid and simple and simple assay detecting lymphocyte activation is a very useful tissue typing test.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

The effect of varying SRBC/lymphocyte ratio on T cell rosette formation.

To determine the effect of varying the SRBC/lymphocyte ratio on rosette formation, rosettes were formed at SRBC/lymphocyte ratios ranging from 10 to 200. To assess the significance of the time of incubation, duplicate samples were mixed at various SRBC to lymphocyte ratios and the percentage of rosette-forming lymphocytes was determined immediately or after an 1-hour incubation at 4 degrees C. The results of five experiments revealed the highly statistically significant difference between the percentage of rosette-forming cells in tests performed with (higher number of RFC) and without (lower number of RFC) incubation, in all SRBC/lymphocyte ratios. On the other hand, ratio of SRBC to lymphocytes influenced significantly the results obtained in both types of tests, this effect was more pronounced in test performed with 1-hour incubation. Optimal SRBC/lymphocyte ratios for both tests were 100:1 (31% RFC without incubation and 53.4% of RFC after 1-hour incubation.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Fractionation of human T lymphocytes on the basis of their high, medium and low SRBC-rosette-forming affinity: efficiency of the method.

Under optimal saturating conditions at SRBC/lymphocyte ratio 100:1 26 +/- 1.2% of human peripheral blood lymphocytes isolated from defibrinated blood form rosettes without incubation, 48 +/- 1.8% after 1-hour, 68 +/- 1.7% after 2 hours incubation at 4 degrees C. According to this, human peripheral T lymphocytes may be subdivided into at least three fractions on the basis of their affinity to SRBC. We called these fractions AFRC (no incubation), C1 RFC (1-hour incubation in cold after removing ARFC fraction) and C2RFC (2-hour incubation in cold after removing ARFC and C1RFC fractions). All the three fractions may be separated by repeated rosetting followed by Ficoll-Uropoculine gradient centrifugation. The purity and viability of T lymphocytes yielded from particular fractions was high. Effective yield of lymphocytes varied between the particular fractions ranging between 100% (for AFRC) and 30% (for C2RFC).

Cell Separation↗
PubMed1978

The effect of uremia and dialysis on cell-mediated immunity.

Delayed-type hypersensitivity to PPD, two types T rosettes as well as lymphokine production were studied in patients with end-stage renal failure maintained on hemodialysis. A significant impairment of skin reactivity and the lowering of the number of T cells were found, while no definite changes of lymphokine production were detected. No conclusive data are obtained as to the role of hemodialysis in reversing of immunologic deficits noted in uremia.

Basement Membrane↗
PubMed1976

Attempt at simplification of the rosette -- inhibition test for routine use in patients under immunosuppressive therapy.

Three hundred thirty three specimens of diluted sera from 69 patients under immunosuppressive therapy were tested for their ability to inhibit rosetting of normal human lymphocytes with SRBC. Statistical analysis of the results of the rosette-inhibition test have shown that there is a relationship of second degree between the inhibition index value and the dilution of serum. This relationship allowed to establish a formula for calculation of the theoretical titer (TT) from one arbitrally chosen dilution of serum. The results of empirical verification of the method are highly satisfactory. The theoretical and empirical titers of 23 tested sera were statistically identical. The proposed method shortens sixfold the time of testing.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Normal B cell compartment in chronic lymphatic leukemia.

In contrast to normal B lymphocytes, CLL cells express CD5 antigen believed to be a T cell marker. We have assessed normal and malignant B cell compartments in CLL patients with the aid of two-colour immunofluorescence techniques (CD5-TRITC, DR-FITC). No clear correlation was found between progression of disease and parameters studied. However, there was a tendency for a diminution of normal B cells in advanced stages of disease.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Rehabilitation of communication impairment in dystonia musculorum deformans.

Augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) aids were used in three young, intellectually normal patients with dystonia musculorum deformans (DMD) who had severe speech and writing impediments. These aids included speech therapy, communication boards, and voice synthesizers for verbal communication and typewriters, memowriters, and computer software and printers for written communication. At times customized accessing was needed which required specific adaptive modifications. Implementation of the AAC aids system was determined effective for DMD patients in view of the intellect-sparing nature of the disorder. Improvement was hampered by the progressive nature of the disease and by the emotional stress of accepting the long-term use of AAC. Correct and early diagnosis of communication impediments are crucial for the appropriate AAC aids prescription and implementation. An AAC protocol is suggested to meet the special communication needs of DMD patients.

Adolescent↗