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Biomedical subjects

N Scheiermann

Publications and source records attributed to N Scheiermann.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Age-associated T-lymphocyte activation through mitogens in patients with multiple sclerosis and blood donors.

In 128 patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and 204 blood donors (control persons) the in vitro activation of 'Ficoll-purified' peripheral blood T lymphocytes was measured using the 3H-thymidine incorporation rate without (spontaneous proliferation) and with mitogen addition (concanavalin A, phytohemagglutinin). Mitogen responsiveness in control persons and MS patients decreased with age, reflecting a T-lymphocyte inherent mechanism for the diminution of responsiveness. The MS patients, ranging in age between 20 and 30 years, showed decreased mitogen responsiveness and a tendency to increased spontaneous proliferation compared to the control persons. These results could be an expression of a viral infection.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Adult respiratory distress syndrome as a specific manifestation of a general permeability defect in trauma patients.

To establish whether a general dysfunction, i.e., an increase in permeability, had occurred in 16 trauma patients (6 with adult respiratory distress syndrome [ARDS]), we measured beta 2-microglobulin (beta 2MG), myoglobin (MG), immunoglobulin G (IgG), and transferrin (TF) concentrations in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BAL), serum, and urine as well as extravascular lung water content (EVLW) over a period of 14 days. Our results show a positive correlation (p = 0.03) between increases of EVLW, reflecting lung edema, and beta 2MG concentrations in urine of all patients with ARDS, indicating systemically increased permeability. Generalized increase of permeability can also explain the elevation of MG urine concentrations (p = 0.03) together with an EVLW increase, and an increase of BAL protein concentrations (IgG, TF, p less than 0.01) in the early post-trauma phase during the first 48 h after admission. In contrast, commonly used kidney function tests remained unchanged over the time course of 14 days.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Relative and absolute numbers of human lymphocyte subpopulations. A comparison of immunofluorescence microscopy and flow cytometric methodologies with special reference to precision and reference values.

Lymphocyte subpopulations were determined in blood samples from blood donors (40 women and 45 men) using immunofluorescence microscopy and flow cytometric methodologies. The study demonstrates the value of both methods for the enumeration of lymphocyte subpopulations. The advantages of employing an automated flow cytometer system are better precision and speed. The automated systems require a large initial technical and financial burden and are therefore probably destined to be reserved for the larger laboratory. There is a need for an adequate lymphocyte standard which shows little variation between aliquots and can be used for interlaboratory comparisons.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Multicentre dose range study of a yeast-derived hepatitis B vaccine.

Healthy young adult volunteers, 778 in number, without HBV markers were randomly distributed into groups and administered different lots of a yeast-derived hepatitis B vaccine (YDV) at different dose levels or a commercial plasma-derived vaccine (PDV), according to a 0, 1, 2, 12-month vaccination schedule. The YDV proved to be safe and well tolerated, even when partly purified lots were given. Reactions were mild and transient, comparable to those observed after PDV. One month after three YDV doses, 0-7% of subjects overall had failed to seroconvert; all those evaluated one month after the booster dose had seroconverted. No significant difference was found between the two vaccine types as far as seroconversion rates were concerned. Geometric mean anti-HBs levels following three vaccine doses were higher in seroconverters of the PDV groups. However, a booster dose of YDV resulted in high anti-HBs levels in all groups varying from 11,474 to 51,404 IU l-1 (purified YDV lot), 4915 to 18,832 IU l-1 (partly purified YDV lots) and 11,008 to 15,805 IU l-1 (PDV lots). Of seroconverters to the purified lots of YDV 93% attained 1000 IU l-1 after the booster dose, thus ensuring protection for a number of years. Dose-response studies provided a basis for the selection of 20 micrograms of highly purified YDV as the standard dose.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Reactogenicity and immunogenicity of the newly developed purified chick embryo cell (PCEC)-rabies vaccine in man.

Purified Chick Embryo Cell (PCEC) rabies vaccine was given to 88 healthy adults according to six different vaccination schedules. Local side effects were reported on reactivity forms after 16.4% of PCECV injections, general symptoms were recorded after 15.1% of the 292 doses administered. IgE antibodies specific for chicken proteins determined by the Radio Allergo Sorbens Test (RAST) could not be shown before and after the vaccinations. With no exception, all 88 vaccinees developed high titres of complement-fixing and neutralizing antibodies as determined by the Rapid Fluorescent Focus Inhibition Test and Serum Mouse Neutralization Test. For the first time, induction of serum interferon by PCEC rabies vaccine has been shown in man. In rabies vaccination, PCEC vaccine seems to be as effective as Human Diploid Cell Strain (HDCS) vaccine.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Effects of a recombinant yeast-derived hepatitis B vaccine in healthy adults.

Under randomized, double-blind conditions, 220 medical students were vaccinated with either a 2.5, 5, 10, or 20 micrograms dose of a recombinant yeast-derived hepatitis B or a 20 micrograms dose of a plasma-derived vaccine. Vaccines were administered at months 0, 1, and 2. After 11 months, all vaccinees received a 20 micrograms booster of the recombinant vaccine. There were no significant differences in adverse reactions between the study groups. Induction of IgE antibodies to yeast was not observed. One month after the third vaccination, seroconversion rates reached 100% in all vaccinees. Mean anti-HBs levels varied between 150 and 1470 IU/l after 3 vaccinations, with the lowest dose resulting in the lowest titres. Following the booster vaccination, dose-dependent effects were no longer observed. These data indicate that the recombinant hepatitis B vaccine is safe and immunogenic for use in man and comparable to the plasma-derived vaccine in terms of safety and efficacy.

Antigens↗
PubMed1986

[Follow-up of immunological parameters and therapy of systemic lupus erythematosus].

In a longitudinal study of a female patient with systemic lupus erythematosus, we determined numbers of T-lymphocytes and subpopulations (OKT4+- and OKT8+-lymphocytes), B-lymphocytes, production of anti-double-stranded DNA antibody (anti-ds-DNA-Ab), and we investigated the effects of corticosteroids and cyclophosphamide on these parameters and clinical disease activity. The results demonstrate that an increase of OKT4+-T-lymphocytes/OKT8+-T-lymphocytes ratio apparently augments B-lymphocyte numbers resulting in anti-ds-DNA-Ab production. Whereas steroids exerted limited, possibly dose-dependent effects on this sequence, cyclophosphamide seemed to cause normalization of OKT4+/OKT8+ ratio, precipitous drop of anti-ds-DNA-Ab titers, and dramatic clinical improvement.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed1985

[Incidence of hepatitis B virus infection in the medical personnel of physicians' offices].

Serological examination to determine anti-HBc antibodies in 1487 medical personnel working with practitioners in Essen revealed a hepatitis B virus incidence rate of 12.8%. The incidence rate depended on age, years of service, and nature of duties. Anti-HBc examination of medical personnel is cost-saving in view of high cost of vaccination. It can be omitted only in beginners if certain conditions are fulfilled (anti-HBc rate below 5%).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

[Demonstration and occurrence of IgM-type hepatitis A viral antibodies].

Hepatitis-A antibody of the IgM class can be demonstrated in serum by radio-immunoassay quickly, relatively cheaply and simply. The diagnosis of fresh or recent hepatitis-A virus infection can be made from a single serum sample in a single test. Epidemiological analysis of the positive findings obtained in 1981 gave the following results: 1. Hepatitis-A is, in Germany, largely a disease of young adults, with an average age of 24 years. But cases still occurred above the age of 50.2. Among foreigners positive results were obtained already in children (average age 7 years). 3. While in foreigners the disease predominantly occurred in the last four months of the year, among Germans the distribution had three peaks related causally to the holiday months of April, July and October.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Active hepatitis B immunization with an experimental German vaccine. I. Immunogenicity studies in healthy adults. II. The primary 19 S and 7 S responses to HBsAg in healthy adults. III. Immunogenicity studies in hemodialysis patients.

The immunogenicity of an experimental german hepatitis B vaccine has been evaluated in 343 healthy adults. Three doses of vaccine induced anti-HBs antibodies in 94 to 100% of the vaccines. Different batches and doses of vaccine did not significantly influence the seroconversion rates at the end of the vaccine trial. Higher doses were followed by more rapidly and more vigorously occurring anti-HBs-levels. Significant differences were noticed between the 40 micrograms- und the 10- or 8 micrograms-doses. Variation of schedules (0-1-6 or 0-1-5) did not result in significant differences. Batch-no. I/B 070881 induced significant lower anti-HBs levels than batch-no. II/310781. Females developed significant higher anti-HBs values than males, younger vaccinees higher than older vaccinees. Rate zonal ultracentrifugation analysis of anti-HBs-positive sera collected after vaccination regularly revealed anti-HBs of the IgM class in case of early and high immune response to the vaccine. Individuals characterized by a late onset of anti-HBs production developed anti-HBs antibodies of the IgG class only. The vaccine induced an anti-HBs response in 64 to 75% of hemodialysis patients. The conversion rates and the achieved anti-HBs levels were significantly higher in young and/or female patients than in old and/or male patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Active hepatitis B immunization with an experimental German vaccine. IV. Reactogenicity studies in healthy adults and in hemodialysis patients.

Reactogenicity testing was performed accompanying vaccination with the experimental German Hepatitis B Vaccine. 509 individuals, among them 343 healthy adults and 166 hemodialysis patients, were vaccinated with three doses of vaccine. The evaluation of questionnaires indicated that local and systemic adverse reactions were of low intensity and short duration. The rates of reactions were highest following the first and lowest after the third vaccination. The vaccine did not induce immunopathological alterations. The vaccine was non-infectious and thus not the cause of hepatitis B infections nor of other viral or bacterial infections.

Adult↗