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Biomedical subjects

R Crespo

Publications and source records attributed to R Crespo.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Biochemical markers of nutrition in type-I and type-II osteoporosis.

We studied nutritional deficits, using as markers the levels of transferrin, retinol-binding protein, and prealbumin, in 20 women with osteoporotic hip fractures (type II), 40 women with vertebral fractures (type I), and two groups of age-matched control subjects. The concentrations of all three nutritional markers were lower in the two groups of patients than in their matched controls, and in type-I as compared with type-II osteoporosis. In the osteoporotic patients, simple linear regression showed a significant correlation between the variables which we studied (r2 ranged from 0.5 to 0.7; p < 0.001), the best correlation being between prealbumin and retinol-binding protein in type-II osteoporosis. Our results suggest that there is a more marked nutritional deficit in type-II than in type-I osteoporosis.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

Biochemical markers of nutrition in elite-marathon runners.

Although diet surveys have been made in marathon runners, as far as we know their nutritional state has not been evaluated by measurement of the so-called biological markers of nutrition, such as transferrin, retinol-binding protein, and prealbumin. We measured the levels of these substances in 18 marathon runners (11 men and 7 women; mean age 26.9 +/- 4.0 years) and in 22 controls (13 men and 9 women; mean age 26.2 +/- 3.6 years). As some of these markers are zinc-dependent, serum zinc levels also were measured. Likewise, serum calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium levels were measured to ascertain the athletes' mineral status. Calcium corrected for proteins, phosphorus, magnesium, and zinc did not differ between the marathon runners and controls; likewise, there were no differences in serum ferritin and glucose levels. As regards the biological markers of nutrition, prealbumin levels were higher in athletes than in controls (31.7 +/- 4.7 vs 28.9 +/- 4.8 mg/dl, p < 0.025). There were no differences in the levels of retinol-binding protein and transferrin between runners and controls.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Difficulties in carrying out the treatment as seen by the tuberculous patient].

OBJECTIVE: To identify the obstacles, as seen by the patient, to adequately carrying through anti-Tuberculosis treatment. DESIGN: Crossover study. SITE. At Community level, in the city of Barcelona. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Each patient was responsible for filling in a survey at home. It was considered that a patient did not adequately carry out the treatment if he/she failed to take the medication for a period longer than three consecutive days. We discounted 66 exitus or losses and were left with 308 surveys. Out of these, the failure rate was 13.5%. The only variable statistically linked to failure was Dangerous Drug Addiction (DDA) (OR = 6.1; CI:2.3-15.8). The most common cause of failure was forgetfulness, followed by deliberate abandonment. The greatest problems in obtaining prescriptions were the opening hours or location of the dispensary. In spite of the seriousness of the illness, patients do not illness, patients do not usually give up their toxic habits. 68.8% were followed up in hospitals and only 8.8% in Primary Care Centres. CONCLUSIONS: Failure is linked to forgetfulness and deliberate abandonment. Patients have problems in obtaining prescriptions because of the opening hours and location of the prescriptions dispensary. Corrective measures should be taken for these latter problems.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Blood recirculation in malfunctioning catheters for haemodialysis.

Venous catheters are increasingly used for chronic haemodialysis, with dual lumen catheters being the most commonly used as blood recirculation (REC%) is relatively low. The aim of this study was therefore to evaluate blood recirculation in dual lumen catheters, both well-functioning and malfunctioning, with reversed lumens. In our study, blood recirculation in well-functioning catheters with standard lumens is similar to that found in previous studies. However, when lumens are reversed, blood recirculation increases significantly (6.7 +/- 4 vs 19 +/- 11%, p < 0.001). REC% in malfunctioning catheters (10.8 +/- 2%) was higher than normal function (p < 0.05) but lower than reversed flow in normal catheters (p < 0.01). Therefore, inadvertent reversal of lumens in a well-functioning catheter increases REC% in a significant manner, thus worsening haemodialysis efficiency. We conclude that, in inflow failure catheters, lumens can be reversed because REC% is acceptable. However, inadvertent reversal of lumens in a well-functioning catheter increases REC% to a level which may compromise the adequacy of haemodialysis.

Blood Circulation↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of Salmonella arizonae from an integrated turkey operation.

Fifty cases submitted between 2000 and 2002 were selected for retrospective analysis to evaluate possible relationships between Salmonella arizonae isolated from breeder flocks, hatching eggs, and meat bird flocks belonging to a single turkey integrator. In all the meat bird cases selected for this study, arizonosis was the primary diagnosis. In birds under 1 month of age, clinical signs and pathologic changes were observed in older birds. The Salmonella arizonae isolates were analyzed by antibiotic resistance pattern and serotype and genotyped by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Serotyping and PFGE yielded similar results, but the antibiotic resistance patterns did not correspond to either serotyping or PFGE typing. The presence of common pulsed-field patterns in breeder flocks, eggs, and meat bird flocks suggested that S. arizonae was being transmitted vertically from the breeder flock.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Femoral fractures in a young male Turkey breeder flock.

Twenty-two 32-to-35-wk-old male turkeys from a commercial breeding flock were presented to the California Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory System, Fresno Branch, with a clinical complaint of lameness and increased mortality. Necropsy findings included a unilateral, closed oblique fracture involving the femur in 12 birds. Ten complete femoral fractures had periosteal new bone adjacent to and bridging the fracture. Periosteal callus formation, in this case, suggested that preexisting lesions preceded complete fracture of the femur. Factors such as selection for heavy body weight, lack of exercise, and handling might have contributed to the development and promotion of complete fractures.

Animal Husbandry↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Exotic Newcastle disease in a game chicken flock.

A sudden increase in mortality, preceded by a short history of respiratory signs and diarrhea, occurred in a backyard flock of 48 game chickens in the Central Valley of California. Necropsy findings included severe generalized linear hemorrhages and/or ulcers in the digestive tract, larynx, and trachea. Histology revealed severe multifocal hemorrhages and necrosis in the mucosa of the respiratory and digestive tracts, vasculitis, and necrosis of lymphoid tissue. The birds were serologically negative to Newcastle disease virus; this was consistent with an acute infection. The avian paramyxovirus type 1 isolated was characterized as velogenic viscerotropic Newcastle disease virus. A thorough epidemiologic investigation was carried out, and no other premises were found to have birds with clinical signs or evidence of exposure. The entire outbreak was limited to the original backyard flock and resolved within 14 days of the onset of clinical signs.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The West Virginia Rural Cancer Prevention project.

The West Virginia Rural Cancer Prevention Demonstration Project was designed to improve the health of the residents of a rural county by preventing cancer or diagnosing it at an earlier stage. The initial phase of the project consisted of a random telephone survey of county households, a series of focus groups, and review of patient records at a local community health center. A committee composed of the project investigators, local citizens, and local health providers identified a series of interventions to be implemented in the target county. Interventions included community-based education, improvements in on-site mammography and colposcopy, augmenting current screening and educational programs for cancer of the breast and uterine cervix, a "cancer shepherd" program, and a program to improve patient compliance and tracking within the local community health center. Outcomes of this demonstration project generally support the concept of a broad-based program to increase utilization of services for the prevention and early diagnosis of cancer of the breast and cervix in a rural community. Local culture, geography, educational level, and economics for the target area are critical considerations.

Adolescent↗