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Biomedical subjects

R Lundgren

Publications and source records attributed to R Lundgren.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Treatment of prostatitis in the rat.

A spontaneous, nonacute, age-dependent prostatitis was found in a high incidence in the lateral prostatic lobes of Lewis rats. Such rats were treated with methylprednisolone, indometacin , testosterone, hexyloxyphenylproprionate , polyestradiol phosphate, various antibiotics, or were caged together with female rats. The effect of the different treatment modalities was evaluated microscopically by blind observation of the degree of inflammatory reaction in the lateral prostate. Methylprednisolone and the testosterone ester caused a reduction of the inflammatory reactions and so did caging with female rats. The similarity of the rat prostatitis to the human condition may suggest the possibility of using corticosteroids or androgens for the treatment of patients with nonacute prostatitis.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed1984

The influence of treatment with estrogens and estramustine phosphate on platelet aggregation and plasma lipoproteins in non-disseminated prostatic carcinoma.

The treatment of prostatic carcinoma with estrogens is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular as well as thromboembolic complications. In the present study, patients harboring highly or moderately differentiated prostatic carcinoma without signs of metastases were treated with either polyestradiolphosphate + etinylestradiol, estramustine phosphate or given no treatment. Subsequently, these patients were investigated regarding factors (platelet aggregation, plasma and platelet phospholipid composition and lipoprotein patterns) that might contribute to increased thrombogenesis and cardiovascular risk. The results indicate the presence of increased in vitro platelet aggregation in patients treated with polyestradiolphosphate + etinylestradiol compared to those treated with estramustine phosphate or given no treatment. A possible relationship between the availability of arachidonic acid in platelet membrane phospholipids and in vitro platelet aggregation is suggested. On the other hand the alterations in plasma lipoproteins observed during treatment are generally considered positive from an atherogenic point of view and do not seem relevant to the elevated incidence of cardiovascular disease in these patients.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

Pivmecillinam plus pivampicillin versus co-trimoxazole in patients undergoing transurethral prostate resection.

Patients undergoing transurethral prostate resection received a 10-day or a 20-day treatment with a combination of pivmecillinam/pivampicillin or with co-trimoxazole starting 1 day before surgery. The results were evaluated in 139 patients. Fifty-three patients had bacteriuria prior to the operation, and the bacteriological cure rate was 22 out of 25 on pivmecillinam/pivampicillin and 22 out of 28 on co-trimoxazole. Eighty-six patients had no bacteriuria pre-operatively and received treatment prophylactically. Two out of 40 patients on co-trimoxazole developed urosepsis, while pivmecillinam/pivampicillin was effective in preventing septicaemic episodes in all 46 patients treated. Tolerance was good with mild side-effects in 5 patients on pivmecillinam/pivampicillin and in 2 patients on co-trimoxazole.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

Bilateral bronchial carcinoma.

Fibreoptic bronchoscopy was performed in 69 out of 73 consecutive patients with carcinoma of the lung, in four of whom a second synchronous bronchial carcinoma was found in the opposite lung. Three of these second tumours were radiographically occult. Another patient with a radiologically occult bronchial carcinoma in the right upper lobe bronchus had 16 years earlier undergone a left lower lobe resection because of a squamous cell carcinoma. These findings emphasize the importance of careful bronchoscopic examination of the whole bronchial tree before surgical treatment of the lung cancer.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

Comparison of flexible fiberoptic bronchoscopy and scalene lymph node biopsy in the diagnosis of sarcoidosis.

The diagnostic accuracy achieved by taking bronchial mucosal and lung biopsies through flexible fiberoptic bronchoscopes was compared with scalene lymph node biopsy in 55 patients with sarcoidosis. The diagnostic yield with flexible fiberoptic bronchoscopy was 62 per cent in the whole material and increased to 76 per cent in patients with stage II sarcoidosis. Scalene lymph node biopsy was positive in 80 per cent. Flexible fiberoptic bronchoscopy is a useful method for obtaining biopsy material in sarcoidosis, especially in stage II sarcoidosis. We consider flexible fiberoptic bronchoscopy and scalene lymph node biopsy the methods of choice in the diagnosis of sarcoidosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Studies on humoral immunity in pregnancy: immunoglobulins, alloantibodies and autoantibodies in healthy pregnant women and in pregnant women with rheumatoid disease.

Levels of immunoglobulins, alloantibodies and the presence of autoantibodies were prospectively studied during and after pregnancy in healthy women and in women suffering from rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and ankylosing spondylitis (AS). A decrease of IgG and IgA during pregnancy was found in all women while levels of IgM and alloantibodies remained stable. Multiparous women had higher levels of IgG during pregnancy when compared to primigravidae. No difference in the frequency of rheumatoid factor (RF) or antinuclear antibodies (ANA) was found when healthy pregnant women were compared to healthy non pregnant controls. None of the RF negative patients conversed to seropositivity during or after pregnancy. Decrease of ANA was correlated to remission of disease activity in the patients with RA.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1983

Respiratory mucosal damage by flexible fiberoptic bronchoscopy in pigs.

In a study of 11 pigs, the left bronchial tree was examined with a flexible fiberoptic bronchoscope (FFB) and the right bronchial tree was used as control. After bronchoscopy the animals were sacrificed and the airways examined by scanning electron microscopy and light microscopy. In all animals, respiratory mucosal damage caused by the FFB was observed. The columnar epithelial cells were torn off in areas where the FFB had rubbed against the airway wall, but the basement membrane was not damaged. Even in specimens where large areas of the epithelium were grazed off there were underlying areas with undamaged epithelium.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Tracheobronchial clearance after flexible fiberoptic bronchoscopy.

As the tracheobronchial mucosa is vulnerable to mechanical trauma it is important to investigate whether examination with a flexible fiberoptic bronchoscope (FFB) damages the respiratory mucosa. In 12 subjects, tracheobronchial clearance was measured 1 day before and 1 day after FFB performed under topical anaesthesia. Mucociliary transport was studied by having the patients inhale 6 micron teflon particles tagged with 99mTc, and by external measurements of the radioactivity retained in the lungs. Most of the patients had a similar clearance on both days. A marked impairment after FFB was only seen in one patient. This study suggests that the tracheobronchial clearance system has a large reserve against mechanical trauma. FFB may possibly change mucociliary clearance in some patients, and this can be of practical significance in patients unable to cough.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Respiratory mucosal damage after brush biopsy--an experimental study in rabbits.

Bronchial brushing is one of the main methods of obtaining bronchial mucosal material for cytologic examination. In 37 rabbits, the tracheal respiratory mucosa, brush biopsy damage and post-biopsy wound-healing were studied. In the majority of animals, the brush had penetrated the basement membrane but in animals with undamaged basement membrane there was, within one to two days, a covering cell layer, probably regenerated from the intact epithelium and from basal cells. Deep, wound areas were covered during the first two to three days after damage by granulation tissue protruding into the tracheal lumen. After rejection of the granulation tissue, ulceration was covered by epithelium within three days and a normal ciliated epithelium restored within three weeks.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Comparison of transbronchial fine needle aspiration biopsy, aspiration of bronchial secretion, bronchial washing, brush biopsy and forceps biopsy in the diagnosis of lung cancer.

The accuracy of morphologic diagnosis from transbronchial fine needle aspirates (TBN), bronchial secretions (BS), bronchial washings (BW), brush biopsy (BB) and forceps biopsy (FB) sampled via a flexible fiberoptic bronchoscope, was studied in 60 malignant lung tumours. In visible tumours the best results were obtained with FB (85%) while TBN was positive in 65%. In cases were bronchoscopy only showed secondary signs of tumour, the sensitivity of FB, BB and TBN was higher than that of BW and aspiration of BS. In tumours not visible through the bronchoscope, the diagnostic accuracy of BB, BW and aspiration of BS was higher than that of FB and TBN. In the diagnosis of carcinoma of the lung the diagnostic accuracy of combining FB and one cytologic method (BW) was higher than that of any of the single methods (p less than 0.05) while no appreciable increase was achieved by using additional methods.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Diagnosis of bronchial lesions by fiberoptic bronchoscopy combined with bronchography.

The combination of bronchoscopy and bronchography into a single procedure has facilitated the diagnosis of a wide variety of diseases. The technique is easily learned, morbidity is negligible, patient discomfort is minimal, and the number of examinations to which the patient is subjected is reduced. The technique is well suited for selective bronchography.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Hemodynamic effects of flexible fiberoptic bronchoscopy performed under topical anesthesia.

Central hemodynamics and blood gases were measured continuously during flexible fiberoptic bronchoscopy performed under topical anesthesia in ten patients with restrictive lung disease. The procedure induced marked hemodynamic changes, which were maximal and similar in magnitude, during passage through the larynx and during suctioning. Mean arterial pressure increased by 30 percent, heart rate by 43 percent, cardiac index by 28 percent and mean pulmonary arteriolar occlusion pressure by 86 percent compared with pre-bronchoscopic control values. A slight fall in arterial oxygen tension was measured during bronchial suctioning and in the post-bronchoscopic period. Rate pressure product reached its highest value during bronchial suctioning at which time three of the ten patients developed ST-T-segment changes, implying that myocardial oxygen demand might have exceeded supply. It is suggested that the major mechanism behind the hemodynamic changes is a reflex sympathetic discharge caused by mechanical irritation of larynx and bronchi.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

Clinical experience of long-term treatment with minoxidil in severe arterial hypertension.

Minoxidil was used in 25 patients with severe hypertension whose blood pressure (BP) could not be controlled with conventional treatment or who suffered from intolerable side effects during treatment with other drugs. In 6 patients minoxidil was withdrawn after a short time owing to side effects or because hypertension could be controlled by regular dialysis treatment. The remaining 19 patients were treated with minoxidil for 0.5-4.5 years. The hypotensive effect of minoxidil in combination with beta-blockers and diuretics was good or acceptable in all patients. Neither orthostatic hypotension nor development of resistance was observed. Minoxidil was well tolerated in one patient with porphyria and in two patients who have had the hydralazine syndrome. Eighteen patients had kidney failure with elevated serum creatinine. With one exception the uraemia progressed if the serum creatinine level was above 300 mumol/litre at the start of the treatment. All patients tended to develop oedema, but this was controlled by concomitant diuretic therapy. Eighteen patients developed hypertrichosis. No other significant side effects were observed. One patient died and two patients developed pericarditis in the highly uraemic phase in connection with the start of dialysis. Neither the death nor the cases of pericarditis can be attributed to minoxidil. Minoxidil was found to be effective in severe hypertension in connection with advanced renal disease and can be considered as a valuable addition to the established therapeutic arsenal for treatment of severe hypertension.

Adult↗