Surgical trial for carcinoma of the rectum using a tissue expander in association with pelvic partition to prevent dysfunction of the bladder.
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Colorectal Surgery↗
Biomedical subjects
S Baba
Publications and source records attributed to S Baba.
Role of endogenous endothelin in renal impairment during acute liver rejection in rats.
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Animals↗
[Etiology and treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases. 5. Simple intestinal ulcer].
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Humans↗
A novel polymorphism of human serum amyloid A protein, SAA1 gamma, is characterized by alanines at both residues 52 and 57.
We have identified a hitherto unknown polymorphism of serum amyloid A protein (SAA) in the pooled serum of nonamyloidotic inflammatory patients. The molecular weight of the novel SAA determined by ion-spray mass spectrometry appeared 28 amu lower in mass than the known SAA1 subsets, indicating that the substitution of a valine residue by an alanine was present. Further analyses by the combination of liquid chromatography/fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry, collision-activated dissociation mass spectrometry, and amino acid analysis revealed that this novel SAA, designated SAA1 gamma, has alanines at both residues 52 and 57 while the two known SAA1 subsets have a valine at either residue 52 or 57. Furthermore, des-1 Arg and des-1 Arg-2Ser forms of SAA1 gamma as well as those of the known SAA1 subsets were identified. This indicated that the common modification must have occurred at the N-termini of all SAA1 subsets. The existence of this SAA1 gamma had been suggested from one of the two novel AA proteins that we recently found (Baba, S. et al., 1992, Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 1180, 195-200).
Alanine↗
Application of 13C-labeling and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy to pharmacokinetic research: measurement of metabolic rate of benzoic acid to hippuric acid in the rat.
The use of 13C-labeling and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to trace the biotransformation of benzoic acid (BA) to hippuric acid (HA) in the rat has been described. Novel [2,4,6,7-13C4]BA, which was labeled in the specific protonated carbons, was used in order to enhance the sensitivity of 13C NMR detection on the basis of the nuclear Overhauser enhancement and short spin-lattice relaxation time. The urinary excretion of [2,4,6,7-13C4]HA formed from intravenously administered [2,4,6,7-13C4]BA was followed by proton-decoupled 13C NMR spectroscopy (only 10 min accumulation time) without any separation procedures such as extraction and chromatography, using [2-13C]sodium acetate as an internal standard for quantitation. The heights of resonances for C2,6 of [2,4,6,7-13C4]HA and C2 of the internal standard were used to calculate [2,4,6,7-13C4]HA concentration. The lower limit of measurable amounts (ca. 40 nmol) was found to be improved about one order of magnitude over that of the method using commercially available [7-13C]BA. In general, this tracer technique has the potential for wide application to pharmacokinetic research since xenobiotic and endogenous metabolism can be followed by very simple and convenient procedures.
Animals↗
The coexistence of abdominal aortic aneurysm and early gastric cancer: report of three cases.
The surgical approach for patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) and coexistent abdominal malignancy remains controversial. We report herein three cases of coincident AAA and early gastric cancer, all of whom were treated by a two-stage operation and underwent curative surgery for their gastric cancer. The principles of our surgical approach are as follows: (1) the lesion which requires urgent surgery should be operated on first, and if both lesions show absolute indications, a one-stage surgical procedure should then be performed; (2) a two-stage surgical procedure in which aneurysmectomy is performed first should be undertaken when no absolute indications for urgent surgery exist for either lesion; (3) a one-stage surgical procedure should only be performed when surgery on one lesion makes the other lesion highly dangerous; and (4) in patients with a poor prognosis because of far advanced cancer in whom the AAA shows no sign of rupturing, only a gastrectomy should be performed.
Aged↗
Profiling of arachidonic acid metabolites in rabbit platelets by radio gas chromatography.
A method for profiling arachidonic acid metabolites by radio gas chromatography (GC) is described. The incubation mixture of rabbit platelets with [14C]arachidonic acid was purified on a Sep-Pak C18 cartridge and derivatized with diazomethane, O-methylhydroxylamine and dimethyl-isopropylsilylimidazole. The recovery of total 14C-radioactivity was 93.1 +/- 7.2%. Loss of radioactivity during derivatization was negligible. Baseline separations for [14C]arachidonic acid and its metabolites were obtained in a single run within 45 min by GC using a synchronized accumulating radioisotope detector (GC/SARD). The recovery of radioactivity from the GC column was virtually 100%. The chemical structures of the metabolites were confirmed by GC/mass spectrometry; peaks of arachidonic acid metabolites were assigned by comparison of the methylene unit values with those of radioactive peaks in GC/SARD analyses. The intra-assay coefficients of variation in GC/SARD analyses were less than 10%. The method was used to map the profile of arachidonic acid metabolites formed by rabbit platelets in the presence of indomethacin, baicalein or glutathione.
12-Hydroxy-5,8,10,14-eicosatetraenoic Acid↗
Detection of 12 germ-line mutations in the adenomatous polyposis coli gene by polymerase chain reaction.
BACKGROUND: The adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) gene at chromosome 5q21 that is responsible for familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) was recently isolated, and germ-line mutations in a substantial number of FAP families were characterized. Based on this information, the authors attempted to develop a presymptomatic diagnosis test for members of families that carry FAP. METHODS: A rapid screening procedure using a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method without radioisotopes, if necessary, coupled with digestion of restriction enzymes has been performed by detection of germ-line mutations that alter the size of DNA fragments or affect the recognition site of restriction enzymes in the APC locus. RESULTS: A rapid screening procedure to detect germ-line mutations at 12 loci that cause adenomatous polyposis was established. CONCLUSIONS: Using these 12 systems, presymptomatic diagnoses can be made with 100% accuracy within 24 hours. The procedures will be useful for counselling of members in some FAP families, which accounted for nearly 40% of the 95 FAP kindreds that have been detected by the germ-line mutations so far.
Adenomatous Polyposis Coli↗
Identification in the sera from patients with advanced cancer of a factor which stimulates gene expression from human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
From the sera of patients with advanced cancer, a novel factor called SDF (serum-derived factor) was partially purified. SDF was shown to stimulate transcription from the long terminal repeat (LTR) of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) by transient CAT assay. It did not stimulate gene expression of various control promoters including Rous sarcoma virus, human c-fos, c-myc, c-H-ras and chicken beta-actin genes. The SDF preparation did not contain any detectable TNF-alpha or TNF-beta, and differed in its physicochemical properties from TNFs. We concluded that SDF might be a novel factor associated with the clinical features of advanced cancer. It is speculated that SDF might have some role in disease progression of AIDS as well as in the development of the cachectic conditions in AIDS associated with malignancies.
Cachexia↗
Determination of 14C in microplates by radioluminography.
A method alternative to liquid scintillation counting for detecting 14C was developed. The new method involves putting an aqueous radioactive sample onto the flat-bottomed wells of a polystyrene microplate, preparing a pellicle by lyophilization, and determining the radioactivity using radioluminography. It provides a simple, inexpensive, sensitive and reliable technique for determining the radioactivity of a few hundred samples simultaneously.
Carbon Radioisotopes↗
Prognostic significance of bromodeoxyuridine high labeled bladder cancer measured by flow cytometry: does flow cytometric determination predict the prognosis of patients with transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder.
We studied whether flow cytometric determination of proliferative cell activity estimated by the bromodeoxyuridine in vitro labeling technique provides significant prognosticators beyond the classical histological evaluation in the patient with bladder cancer. We evaluated 81 patients with transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder using fresh bladder specimens. Clinical followup of at least more than 24 months was requested, with the mean followup being 37.9 +/- 10.5 months. Tumor grade and stage were the histological prognostic parameters. Flow cytometric bivariate measurements of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) ploidy and bromodeoxyuridine labeled cell index were evaluated. Tumors with a bromodeoxyuridine labeled cell index of more than 10.7%, which was the value of the mean plus 2 times the standard deviation obtained in grade 1 bladder tumors, were designated as high bromodeoxyuridine labeled cell index tumors. A total of 51 patients with low bromodeoxyuridine labeled cell index tumors demonstrated a 98.0% 3-year actuarial survival rate estimated by the Kaplan-Meier method, compared to 42.9% for those with high index tumors. Multivariate survival analysis was performed with Cox's proportional regression model to study statistical individual prognostic values of histological and flow cytometric parameters. Histological tumor grade was the single most important prognostic factor (risk ratio 13.2, p < 0.05), with tumor stage being the second most important (risk ratio 9.2, p < 0.05), followed by bromodeoxyuridine labeled cell index status (risk ratio 6.9, p < 0.05). DNA ploidy status did not influence the clinical outcome. When grade 3 tumors were classified as low and/or high bromodeoxyuridine labeled cell index tumors, 3-year actuarial survival rates were 85.7% and 27.3%, respectively. These results indicate that DNA/bromodeoxyuridine bivariate analysis can be used as an effective adjunct to histological examination for prognostication and decision-making in treatment of bladder cancer patients.
Actuarial Analysis↗
A study of the changes in the level of serum IgG4 antibody and soluble CD23 (s-CD23) in nasal allergy patients with immunotherapy.
Specific IgG4 antibodies were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), radio allergosorbent test (RAST), and s-CD23 in a total of 17 patients with nasal allergy who were given immunotherapy with house dust. The following results were obtained. 1) From the results between the serum antigen-specific IgG4 and the clinical effect of immunotherapy, there are many cases showing the elevation of antigen-specific IgG4 antibody titer. But in the elevated cases, there were only 7 cases showing good and excellent responses in a clinical effect of 41.1%. 2) IgG4 antibody was gradually elevated in many cases during immunotherapy, but in a few cases, abruptly increased after the maximum tolerated dose was established. 3) Regarding the outcome between IgG4 antibody and IgE antibody, cases of rising IgG4 and decreasing IgE occurred at a rate of 41%. 4) s-CD23 in sera gradually decreased in many cases during immunotherapy, but in a few cases, did not change.
Adolescent↗
A novel mutation of the APC (adenomatous polyposis coli) gene in a familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) patient and presymptomatic diagnosis using PCR.
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Adenomatous Polyposis Coli↗
Platelet-activating factor in hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury. The effects of a PAF antagonist combined with a prostaglandin I2 analogue.
The effects of TCV-309, a specific platelet-activating factor (PAF) antagonist, and OP-41483, a prostaglandin I2 analogue, on warm ischemia/reperfusion injury of the rat liver were studied. Rats were divided into five groups by the duration of warm ischemia and the treatment used. The NS1 group (normal saline pretreatment) had 60 min of warm ischemia, while the NS2 group (normal saline pretreatment), the PGI2 group (OP-41483, 500 ng/kg/min pretreatment), the TCV group (TCV-309, 3 micrograms/kg), and the PGI2+TCV group (both the above dosages) underwent 120 min of warm ischemia. Postoperative survival after 30 days, bile secretion, serum endotoxin levels, and tissue glutathione levels after 60 min of reperfusion were compared between the groups. The survival rates for the NS1, NS2, PGI2, TCV, and PGI2+TCV groups were 80%, 0%, 50%, 80%, and 86.7%, respectively. Bile secretion, which has a strong correlationship with hepatic cellular ATP level, was strongly correlated with survival. The NS2 group had a high serum endotoxin level--however, the PGI2 and PGI2+TCV groups had normal levels. Although there were some discrepancies between survival and the tissue glutathione level, combined treatment with the PGI2 analogue and TCV-309 was most effective in inhibited oxidative stress. In conclusion, TCV-309 increased the survival rate after 120 min of warm hepatic ischemia without endotoxemia by the PGI2 analogue. This finding suggest that warm ischemia/reperfusion injury is related to the generation of PAF. Combined pretreatment with TCV-309 and a PGI2 analogue may be useful in liver transplantation.
Animals↗
Cactus granuloma of the skin.
A case of cactus granuloma due to the thorns of Opuntia bieglovii Engelman is reported. A 24-year-old Japanese man contacted the thorns of this cactus in Palm Springs, California, U.S.A., and, three months later, numerous, slightly elevated papules 2 to 4 mm in diameter appeared on the dorsum of his right hand and fingers. Histopathological examination revealed many small granulomas surrounding the bristle fragments throughout the dermis. The granulomas consisted of epithelioid cells, Langhans type and foreign body type giant cells. The fragments of the barbed bristles gave strongly positive reactions with PAS. Two hypothetical mechanisms, one allergic and the other non-allergic, are offered to explain this granuloma formation and are discussed with reference to the literature.
Adult↗
Malignant nerve sheath tumor with rhabdomyoblastic differentiation arising from the acoustic nerve.
A case of a malignant nerve sheath tumor with rhabdomyoblastic differentiation arising from the acoustic nerve in a 38 year old man is reported. At autopsy, the tumor was found to be extensively involved in the right cerebellopontine angle of the brain stem. Histologically, the tumor was composed mainly of spindle-shaped tumor cells proliferating in hypercellular fascicles scattered with pleomorphic cells. The tumor cells were characterized by high mitotic activity and invasive growth. Occasional tumor cells had eosinophilic cytoplasm, which in a few cases was cross-striated. Cytoplasmic interdigitations and a thick basal lamina were confirmed ultrastructurally. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that some tumor cells were positive for myoglobin and desmin, but weakly positive or negative for S-100 protein. The patient did not have von Recklinghausen's disease.
Adult↗
[A case of cat scratch disease: from the clinical pathological point of view].
We described a forty-four-year-old female who was scratched by her cat, and developed lymphadenopathy. Cat scratch disease skin-test was positive. Cat scratch disease is well known, but there are not many reports in Japan. Reports of cat scratch disease will increase as the pathogen was recently detected. Attention must be drawn to zoonosis containing cat scratch disease.
Adult↗
Nuclear DNA content of isolated crypts of background colonic mucosa from patients with familial adenomatous polyposis and sporadic colorectal cancer.
The DNA content of the upper one third of the crypt epithelium was compared with that of the lower two thirds in the background colorectal mucosa of eight cases of familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) and eight control cases of sporadic colorectal cancer (SCRC). Intact crypts were isolated by incubating fresh lesion free colorectal mucosa in calcium and magnesium free Hanks' balanced salt solution (CMFH) containing 30 mM EDTA for 30 minutes at 37 degrees C and then agitating in CMFH. The crypts were then separated from the lamina propria, fixed in 70% ethanol and under a dissecting microscope divided manually into upper and lower portions. Each portion was digested with pepsin to obtain a suspension of single nuclei, and smears of the nuclei were stained with 4',6,-diamidino-2-phenylindole dihydrochloride (DAPI). Nuclear DNA was determined using a cytophotometric microscope. Results showed that the DNA content of the epithelium of the upper one third of crypts was diploid in both FAP and SCRC cases, and that proliferative fractions with diploid peaks were present in the lower two thirds of the crypts in both groups. These results support our previous finding that the proliferative compartment of background crypts is confined to the lower two thirds and does not extend to the upper parts of the crypts.
Adenomatous Polyposis Coli↗