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Biomedical subjects

S E Adam

Publications and source records attributed to S E Adam.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

The effect of oxytetracycline on the fat content and fatty acid composition of the egg yolk.

The effects of oxytetracycline (OXT) at doses of 0.291, 0.461, 0.922, 1.383 and 1.844 g/l in drinking water on the egg quality and on the fat content and fatty acid composition of egg yolk were studied. OXT had no effect on egg weight, yolk weight or shell thickness. Increasing availability of OXT in water reduced cholesterol and triglyceride in the egg yolk while it had no effect on the phospholipid content. OXT at higher doses favoured unsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids relative to saturated fatty acids in the yolk.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

The effect of altered thyroid status on lipid metabolism in Nubian goats.

The effects of triiodothyronine (T3)-induced hyperthyroidism and of carbimazole (CZ)-produced hypothyroidism on lipid metabolism were studied in Nubian goats (Capra hircus). T3 treatment decreased the serum, liver and heart triglyceride, cholesterol and phospholipid concentrations. These changes were accompanied by an increase in the activity of lipoprotein lipase (LPL) in the heart and skeletal muscles. CZ treatment at a dose of 90 mg/goat significantly increased the serum triglyceride, liver cholesterol and heart phospholipid. CZ treatment significantly increased the liver and heart triglyceride concentration but the activity of LPL was not affected.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Effects of Crotalaria saltiana on Nubian goats.

Ten Nubian goats were given daily oral doses ranging from 0.5 to 10 g/kg/day of the fresh shoots of Crotalaria saltiana; they died at various times after dosing. The main signs of Crotalaria poisoning were dullness, dyspnea, inappetence, loss of condition and arching of the back. An increase in the concentration of ammonia, in the activity of GOT, and a decrease in total protein, calcium and magnesium were detected in the serum. The main pathological changes were hemorrhages in the lungs, heart and spleen, focal catarrhal enteritis, hepatic portal fibrosis, dilatation of the renal tubules and straw-colored fluid in the peritoneal cavity.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

The effect of Citrullus colocynthis on sheep.

Fresh Citrullus colocynthis fruits and leaves were fed to ten sheep at daily doses ranging from 0.25 to 10 g/kg. The sheep showed signs of poisoning and died from 4 hours to 25 days after dosing. The clinical signs of diarrhea, anorexia, dyspnea and loss of condition were well correlated with the pathological findings. There was an increase in the concentrations of creatinine, urea and potassium and a decrease in total protein and calcium in the serum and in the blood sugar level of Colocynthis-poisoned sheep. Changes in the concentrations of serum phosphorus and magnesium were inconsistent. Hematological changes indicated the development of hemoconcentration. Leucocytosis resulted from an increased number of neutrophils.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Toxicity of five Sudanese plants to young ruminants.

The toxicity of 5 Sudanese plants credited with medicinal value for man, i.e. Citrullus colocynthis, Jatropha aceroides, J. glauca, Solanum dubium and Lagenaria siceraria, was studied by giving the dried or minced plants to Nubian goats, Desert sheep or Zebu calves by mouth or stomach tube. The clinical, haematological and pathological changes indicated that all five plants reduced the ability of the liver to synthesize protein, although there was no evidence of interference with the excretion of bilirubin. Kidney dysfunction and haemoconcentration also occurred. Citrullus colocynthis and Jatropha species in doses of 0.5 to 10 g per kg per day killed goats after dosing for periods ranging from 1 day to 2 weeks. Calves were less susceptible. The fruits and leaves of L. siceraria, in doses of 1 to 5 g per kg per day, caused death after a similar period but with less regularity. The seeds were less toxic. The fruits of S. dubium in doses of 2.5 to 10 g per kg per day killed goats in 2 to 5 days. Similar doses of the leaves caused deaths in 8 to 36 days. In sheep, both fruits and leaves required a longer period of dosing to cause death.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

The toxicity of Cassia senna to Nubian goats.

Ten Nubian goats were given oral doses of the fresh fruits and leaves of Cassia senna at 1, 5, and 10 g/kg/day. Eight goats died within 30 days and two others were slaughtered in a moribund condition on days 18 and 29. The clinical signs of diarrhoea, inappetence, loss of condition, and dyspnea were well correlated with the pathological findings. There was an increase in G.O.T., ammonia, urea, and total cholesterol and a decrease in total protein in the serum of Cassia-poisoned goats. Blood sugar level was reduced and the increase in the values of Hb, PCV, and RBC was due to haemoconcentration.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

The toxicity of Aristolochia bracteata in goats.

Diarrhea, dyspnea, tympany, arching of the back, loss of condition, and loss of hair from the back were the prominent signs when Aristolochia bracteata was given orally to goats. The main lesions were hemorrhages in the lungs, heart, and kidneys, fatty change and congestion in the liver, mucoid abomasitis and enteritis and straw-colored fluid in serous cavities. An increase in aspartate aminotransferase activity, ammonia and urea concentrations and a decrease in the concentrations of total protein and magnesium were detected in detected in the serum.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Inhibition of glucose-induced insulin secretion by somatostatin in goats.

Somatostatin inhibited glucose-induced insulin secretion in intact goats. The duration of the inhibition was short (10 minutes) which suggests that somatostatin was rapidly metabolised. The inhibitory effect of somatostatin was followed by a recovery period during which high levels of insulin were attained. These higher concentrations of insulin in the 30 to 60 minutes after somatostatin infusion, were accompanied by lowered free fatty acid and beta-hydroxybutyrate concentrations. It is suggested that the effects of somatostatin on these metabolites is brought about by modulation of insulin secretion and not by a direct effect of somatostatin on target tissues.

3-Hydroxybutyric Acid↗
PubMed1982

The efficacy of berenil (diminazene aceturate) against Trypanosoma evansi infection in mice.

The efficacy of berenil (diminazene aceturate) was studied in experimental Trypanosoma evansi infection in albino mice. The criteria used for the assessment of the anti-trypanosomal effect of berenil included the examination of the blood and tissues for T. evansi and the clinical, pathological and enzyme histochemical changes seen in the lungs, heart, liver, kidney and spleen at intervals after treatment. Single doses of 10 and 20 mg/kg of berenil given intraperitoneally or intramuscularly to infected mice produced a complete elimination of the protozoon and caused a slow tissue recovery mirrored in the persistence of lesions in different organs. Single doses of 3.5 mg/kg of berenil were less effective and none of the three dose levels of the drug used induced toxic effects in albino mice.

Amidines↗
PubMed1982

The toxicity of Cassia occidentalis to goats.

The toxic effects of oral administration of Cassia occidentalis to goats was evaluated. The prominent signs of Cassia poisoning were diarrhea, inappetence, dyspnea, staggering, ataxia and recumbency. Lesions consisted of hemorrhages and congestion in the heart, lungs, abomasum and spleen, catarrhal enteritis, hepatic fatty change and necrosis, splenic hemosiderosis, pulmonary emphysema, necrosis and/or degeneration of the epithelial cells of the renal convoluted tubule, and packing of the glomeruli with endothelial and small round cells. These changes were accompanied by increases in GOT activity and in the serum concentrations of ammonia and urea, as well as by decreases in the total protein and calcium in serum. There were decreases in Hb, PCV and RCB, and increased leucocyte counts. Total lipids were higher in the liver, kidneys and heart of the Cassia-poisoned goats.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

The anthelmintic efficacy of Artemisia herba-alba against Haemonchus contortus infection in goats.

The anthelmintic activity of the powdered shoots of Artemisia herba-alba was investigated in experimental haemonchosis in six Nubian goats which had been infected with single doses of 800 to 1,000 infective Haemonchus larvae. The clinical signs of caprine haemonchosis included inappetence, dullness and soft faeces and were correlated with the pathological findings. None of these changes were observed in four of the six goats following the treatment with 2, 10 or 30 g of Artemisia shoots. This successful therapy was supported by the absence of eggs in the faeces, of adult worms in the abomasum at necropsy and of significant lesions in the tissues of the goats and return of the concentrations of serum ammonia, sodium, potassium, total protein and creatinine and of the activity of aspartate aminotransferase (GOT) to normal. In two goats, treated with either 10 or 30 g of Artemisia shoots, egg production was not completely suppressed and a few adult Haemonchus worms were found in the abomasum.

Animals↗