PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

S Fujimura

Publications and source records attributed to S Fujimura.

At least 325 records · Page 18Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[A case of hemangioma of the heart].

A-74-year old woman who had suffered from anterior chest pain and palpitation was admitted to our hospital. The chest X-ray photograph showed that the heart was enlarged mildly. We found that the tumor lay in the mediastinum by the echocardiograph and was enhanced at the aortic phase of the radioisotope angiography. In order to obtain the histological specimen, she underwent exploratory thoracotomy. The tumor was diagnosed as a cavernous hemangioma. She has been asymptomatic over 1-year period. The RI angiography seemed to be useful to diagnose the hemangioma of the heart.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[Postoperative bronchopleural fistula--diagnostic significance of masked cases and results of early re-operation].

We studied recent-day cases of postoperative bronchopleural fistula from 1982 to 1985. And in 1985, postoperative chest X-ray films were intensively compared with previous ones. Radiological signs for bronchopleural fistula and/or alveolar fistula such as increases in air content and/or falls in air-fluid level of pleural space were seen in 11 (7.1%) of 155 pulmonary resection cases in 1985. Among them, 8 of these cases were confirmed as bronchopleural fistulas. So one half of cases with these radiological findings were bronchopleural fistulas. But 2 of these 8 cases were masked bronchopleural fistulas which were not recognizable by bronchofiberscope and soon or later, bronchopleural fistulas developed which were recognizable by bronchofiberscope. For differential diagnosis between the bronchopleural fistula and alveolar fistula, serial chest X-ray films which was compared with previous one, were useful. In masked bronchopleural fistula cases, abnormal findings as mentioned above were seen more than three times, but in alveolar fistula cases were seen less than two times. On the bronchoscopic examination, bronchopleural fistulas were mainly located at the side of the residual lobe on the stump. Bronchopleural fistula cases which were re-operated for re-amputation, re-suture, and coverage of the stump within 48 hours, were all cured. So we concluded early re-operation is the best choice for bronchopleural fistula patient, because of short administration, no cosmetical problems and no disadvantage for lung function.

Bronchial Fistula↗
PubMed1989

[Clinicopathologic assessment of primary thymic carcinoma based on seven cases].

In order to study clinicopathologic characteristics of thymic carcinomas, seven patients experienced in our department were reviewed in this paper; 6 patients underwent thoracotomy and one did not receive surgical treatment. Among 6 who received operation, the tumor was resected totally in 3, subtotally in one, partially in one. One patient underwent exploratory thoracotomy. There have been no distinctive clinical features including clinical symptoms and radiographical findings from invasive thymomas in 7 primary thymic carcinomas, however, in these malignant tumors there have been no tumor-associated disorders not infrequently observed in thymomas. Postoperatively, distant metastasis was common in patients with thymic carcinomas, even though the primary tumor was resected totally in the operation. However, one patient with squamous cell carcinoma of the thymus who underwent subtotal tumor resection followed by radiotherapy and chemotherapy are surviving over 6 years postoperatively. Intensive treatment including pre- and postoperative radiation, tumor resection and postoperative chemotherapy is absolutely necessary for thymic carcinoma. Histologically, there were 4 squamous cell carcinomas and 3 large cell carcinomas. One of 3 large cell carcinomas showed squamous cell differentiation histologically. Two of 4 squamous cell carcinomas demonstrated concomitant entity of residual thymus tissue as well as thymoma in one specimen. However, further studies are necessary to determine precise etiology and tumor characteristics of thymic carcinoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[The effect of bilateral vagal blockade on respiration].

Although respiratory regulation has been extensively studied so far, the relation between the vagal nerves and respiratory reflex in man is still open to controversy. This paper describes the effect of bilateral vagal blockade on respiration. 1) Dyspnea due to unilateral bronchial occlusion. This type of dyspnea is caused by extreme depression of the intrabronchial pressure on the occluded side and is accompanied by a rapid increase in respiratory rate and a rapid decrease in tidal volume. This type of dyspnea is relieved by blockade of the ipsilateral cervical vagal nerve. 2) Animal experiments on bilateral lung transplantation, heart-lung transplantation and bilateral cervical vagal blockade. The respiratory changes induced by CO2 inhalation, low O2 inhalation, respiratory stimulant. Loss of blood or fever stimulation in the manipulated dogs were compared with those in normal controls. CO2 inhalation alone produced differences in the respiratory rates and tidal volumes between the two groups. The tidal volume increase under CO2 inhalation was suppressed by the inflation reflex but other afferent vagal nerves seemed to be closely associated with the increased respiratory rate. 3) Vagal nerve reflex in humans. Blockade of the bilateral cervical vagal nerves in an awake state resulted in irregular PETCO2 in cases that had been stable and sometimes produced a pattern of Cheyne-Stokes respiration. Inhalation of 5% CO2 restored the regular rhythm of respiration and enhanced the response to CO2. When subjected to bilateral vagal blockade in an awake state, the patient expressed an unbearbly uneasy dyspneic sensation as if he were pulled into a bottomless abyss. This was demonstrated by the unstable FRC level.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Study of postoperative bronchopleural fistulas--analysis of factors related to bronchopleural fistulas].

Postoperative bronchopleural fistulas, although reduced in incidence, remain as a grave complication of pulmonary resection. In our department, cases of lung cancer have been rapidly increasing and those of infectious diseases have been decreasing. In light of this trend, the causes of bronchopleural fistulas may have changed, and thus we studied recent cases of postoperative bronchopleural fistulas from 1982 to 1986. Bronchopleural fistulas were seen in 5 (7.8%) of 64 cases of inflammatory diseases and in 19 (4%) of 481 cases of lung cancer. In lung cancer, bronchopleural fistulas were more frequently seen with advanced cases, especially in cases of residual tumors on the stump and in cases of intrathoracic use of anticancer drugs. The highest incidences of bronchopleural fistulas were seen with right pneumonectomy and right lower lobectomy. Bronchoscopic examination showed bronchopleural fistulas to be mainly located on the stump beside the residual lobe. When Sweet's procedure is employed, this is the point with the most tension on the stump. Clinical and retrospective analysis of preoperative data revealed the following factors to be significantly higher in cases of bronchopleural fistulas than in cases of non-bronchopleural fistulas: fever, use of steroid hormone, Haemophilus influenzae in sputum, elevation of erythrocyte sedimentation ratio and anemia. Such analysis of postoperative data showed the following factors to be significant: fever, use of steroid hormone, leucocytosis, tracheostomy and bronchoscopy for sputum suction.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Lung transplantation as a treatment method in terminal respiratory failure].

Lung transplantation is the last treatment for terminal respiratory failure due to irreversible pulmonary disease such as fibrosis and emphysema. In this paper we reported the results of our studies on three major problems for conducting clinical lung transplantation sefely, including lung preservation, early diagnosis of lung allograft rejection and bronchial anastomotic healing. We have developed a method for 48- and 96-hour lung preservation. Under simple hypothermic preservation using phosphate buffered solution resembling extracellular fluid, 48-hour storage of the lung becomes possible. Immunologic monitoring is feasible for early detection of postoperative rejection of the lung transplant. In this study subset and spontaneous blastogenesis of lymphocyte obtained from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were measured in orthotopic rat lung allotransplantation. Lung allograft rejection is closely connected with wound healing of the bronchial anastomosis in lung transplantation. It seems that clinical applications of single and double lung transplantation is now possible for patients with terminal respiratory disease in our country.

Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid↗
PubMed1989

[A case of reexpansion pulmonary edema during thoracotomy].

A case of reexpansion pulmonary edema during thoracotomy is presented. A high edema fluid-plasma protein concentration ratio suggested an increase in pulmonary vascular permeability. A marked increase in the percentages of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) and high concentration of PMN-elastase in edema fluid suggested activated PMN-mediated vascular endothelial injury, which caused an increase in permeability. Edema fluid and plasma contained high concentrations of Thromboxane B2 and 6-keto-PGF1 alpha at the stage of increased permeability. This suggested these chemical mediators participated in the mechanisms of increased permeability in reexpansion pulmonary edema.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Diagnosis of rejection using immunologic probe in lung allotransplantation].

We attempted to establish the method of early diagnosis of rejection in lung transplantation using dog, rat and monkey experimental models. Orthotopic left lung allotransplantation was performed in these animals and lymphocytes from peripheral blood (PBL) and/or bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were examined as a probe of rejection monitoring. The recipient dog showed a decreased response of PBL to PHA and an increased spontaneous blastogenesis (SB) at the period undergoing rejection which were confirmed by blood samples taken within 2 days before sacrifice of the animal. In rat lung transplantation, 2 groups of animal pair were used; WKA to F344, and WKY to F344. The former recipient rejected the graft within 5 days postoperatively and the latter rejected within 2 weeks after the operation. In both groups parameters for detection of rejection included lymphocyte count, SB and T cell subsets of PBL and BALF lymphocyte. Lymphocyte SB of BALF from lung transplant reflected early stage of rejection and preceded the changes in PBL. This seemed to be useful for early diagnosis of lung allograft rejection. In monkey experiment, BALF lymphocyte from the transplanted lung seemed to well reflect the grade of rejection when compared total cell count and differential cell count with histologic findings of the graft, though the number of this experiment was small.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Present status of lung transplantation and heart-lung transplantation].

On the basis of development of the immunosuppressive drugs such as cyclosporine since 1981, many successful cases have been reported on clinical lung and heart-lung transplantations. A principal disease for a single lung transplantation is pulmonary fibrosis. Obstructive lung disease and bilateral pulmonary sepsis such as cystic fibrosis and bronchiectasis are now considered to be done double lung transplantation. On the other hand, heart-lung transplantations have been performed not only on primary pulmonary hypertension and Eisenmenger's syndrome but also on restrictive and/or obstructive lung disease. Today's subjects on lung and heart-lung transplantations are as follows 1) The establishment of preservation method of transplant organs. 2) Development of an appropriate technique of monitoring for the rejected lungs. 3) Assessment and improvement of bronchial anastomotic healing. 4) Investigation of the causal factors on reimplantation response and obliterative bronchitis. Long-term survivals have been reported in both lung and heart-lung transplantation. Therefore, many attempts have been increasingly made in order to obtain the heart beating cadaver donors in Japan. But experimental study on the unsolved problems of transplantation should be continuously carried out for successful clinical lung and heart-lung transplantation.

Graft Rejection↗
PubMed1988

Activity of the cytosolic isozyme of thymidine kinase in human primary lung tumors with reference to malignancy.

Activity increase of the cytosolic isozyme of thymidine kinase (TK) in resected specimens of lung tumor patients would be a useful marker for tumor malignancy and prognosis. In 24 resected cases of malignant lung tumors, the whole enzyme extracts of the tumorous part of the specimens showed that the activities of TK, thymidylate synthetase, and ribonucleotide reductase increased at an average of 469 (P less than 0.001), 208 (not significant), and 193% (P less than 0.02) of the corresponding enzymes in the tumor-uninvolved lung parts, respectively. Two TK isozymes, cytosolic and mitochondrial TKs, were separated better by means of p-aminophenyl 3'-TMP:CH-Sepharose gel affinity column chromatography for precise quantitation of the activity than by polyacrylamide disc gel electrophoresis. These separated isozymes from the tumorous part of the specimens were characteristically very similar to the isozymes of cytosolic and mitochondrial fractions of the xenograft (CPX-101) of human lung tumor transplanted in athymic nude mice, respectively. The cytosolic isozyme activity isolated by this method from the tumorous part was remarkably higher and more varied than that of the tumor-uninvolved part, while that of the mitochondrial isozyme was lower and less agitated. The tumor doubling time showed a good inverse correlation to the activity of the cytosolic isozyme of TK when compared logarithmically (r = -0.798, P less than 0.01). Poorly differentiated tumors exhibited significantly higher activities of the TK cytosolic isozyme than did well-to-moderately differentiated tumors (766.0 +/- 379.1 and 308.1 +/- 119.5 pmol/mg of protein/h, mean +/- SE, respectively), a phenomenon also seen in the activities of the tumors with versus without recurrences within 12 mo after resection (803.6 +/- 278.7 and 124.1 +/- 42.1 pmol/mg of protein/h, respectively). The levels of these relationships using the cytosolic TK activity provided a clearer indication of prognosis and the state of the malignancy than those using the whole extract TK activity.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Purification and characterization of thymidylate synthetase in the liver of the mouse bearing Ehrlich ascites tumor.

The activity of thymidylate synthetase in the liver of the ddY strain male mouse increased transitorily according to the increase in tumor cell number at maximum 7-9 days after ip transplantation of Ehrlich ascites tumor. The enzyme was able to be purified from the tumor host mouse liver or from the normal mouse liver in the same manner as from tumor cells using Affi-Gel blue and methotrexate-Sepharose 4B affinity column chromatography. The three enzyme preparations obtained were purified at 27,000-38,000-, and 8,000-fold, and yielded total activities of 11, 3, and 16% of these homogenates, respectively. These preparations were similar in molecular weight to the whole enzyme (67,000) and its subunit (34,000), optimum pH, and Km values either for deoxyuridine 5'-monophosphate or tetrahydrofolate in the presence of formaldehyde. Furthermore, the amount of 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine 5'-monophosphate forming the ternary complex with the enzyme and tetrahydrofolate paralleled the enzyme activities in the cytosol fractions of the three tissues. The characteristics of the tumor host liver enzyme were similar to those of the proliferating tissues, the Ehrlich ascites tumor.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Purification and properties of Bacteroides heparinolyticus heparinase (heparin lyase, EC 4.2.2.7).

Heparinase (heparin lyase, EC 4.2.2.7) was isolated from the cell extract of an oral bacterium, Bacteroides heparinolyticus. It was a basic protein with an isoelectric point of 9.5. Its molecular weight was 63,000. The enzyme was the most active against heparin among the tested mucopolysaccharides. Catalytic properties may be similar to those of heparinase of Flavobacterium heparinum, since the enzymatic degradation products obtained by using the two enzymes were the same on the basis of paper chromatography.

Bacteroides↗
PubMed1987

Isolation and characterization of a protease from Bacteroides gingivalis.

A protease was purified from Bacteroides gingivalis ATCC 33277 culture fluid by sequential procedures including ammonium sulfate precipitation, ion-exchange chromatography, and isoelectric focusing. The enzyme was active against benzoyl-L-arginine-p-nitroanilide, carbobenzoxy-L-phenylalanyl-L-valyl-L-arginine-p-nitroanilide azoalbumin, azocasein, azocoll, and p-tosyl-L-arginine methyl ester. The molecular weight of the enzyme was about 300,000 as determined by gel filtration. Its isoelectric point was 5.0. The maximum activity was found at pH 7.5, and the optimum temperature for activity was between 40 and 45 degrees C. The apparent Km value for benzoyl-L-arginine-p-nitroanilide was 2 mM. The enzyme was inhibited by sulfhydryl group-blocking reagents, tosyl-L-lysine chloromethyl ketone, and EDTA. Soybean trypsin inhibitor and diisopropylfluorophosphate were not inhibitory.

Arginine↗
PubMed1987

Detection of early lung cancer: results of radiologic and cytologic screening in the Miyagi program.

Eighty-eight lung cancers including 82 primary and 6 metastatic tumors were detected by chest X-ray examination of a total of 363,320 participants in Miyagi Prefecture in Japan during 3 years period from 1982 to 1984. Sputum cytology was performed in the high-risk group (above 50 years of age with cigarette index above 600) of the total participants during the same period. This detected 67 patients with malignant tumors including 5 with cancer of the upper respiratory tract and 62 with primary lung cancer. Fifty-one of 67 cancers (82.3%) detected by sputum cytology were radiographically occult lung cancers. The annual ratio of the detection of lung cancer was 45/100,000 in the first year, however, it decreased to 38/100,000 in the second year and to 15/100,000 in the third year. Cancer resection was performed in 63.6%, 76.1% and 80.0% of the patients, in the first, the second and the third year, respectively. On the average, 57% of the patients who underwent cancer resection demonstrated early lung cancer. Especially, 45 of 51 patients with lung cancer detected by sputum cytology underwent tumor resection, of which 40 (89%) bore early lung cancer.

Adenocarcinoma↗