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S Müller

Publications and source records attributed to S Müller.

At least 541 records · Page 30Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

[Quantitative measurements of regional extra-vascular lung water in dogs using positron emission tomography].

A new method for quantifying regional variations in extravascular lung water (rELW) has been developed. The positron source 15O (T1/2 = 2.0 min.) was provided as H215O 'on line' by constant intravenous injection. Tomographic images (PET) of the water distribution were obtained during equilibrium. The distribution of blood volume was obtained by marking erythrocytes (carboxyhaemoglobin) using a bolus inhalation [C-11)-CO; T1/2 = 20.4 min). Absorption is calculated from transmission tomography. The rELW is defined as: total lung water minus intravascular space. The method was carried out in five intubated and anaesthetised dogs before and after induction of pulmonary oedema with oleic acid (0.06 ml./kg.). Mean ELW (PET) rose from 0.13 +/- 0.02 g./cm.3 to 0.24 +/- 0.04 g./cm.3. There was good correlation with a simultaneously performed thermo-dye method (7.1 +/- 1.3 ml./kg. KG to 13.3 +/- 1.9 ml./kg. KG; r = 0.94). Gravimetric estimations resulted in 13.7 +/- 2.6 ml./kg. KG. The development and distribution of the pulmonary oedema was non-homogeneous and varied regionally.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Regulation of angiotensinogen in cerebrospinal fluid and plasma of rats.

The origin and regulation of angiotensinogen in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was investigated in rats by measuring renin substrate in plasma and CSF under different experimental conditions. Nephrectomy (NX) increased the circulating and the central angiotensinogen levels. There was no correlation between the individual values of plasma and CSF. Adrenalectomy (ADX) diminished and hydrocortisone treatment augmented the angiotensinogen levels in plasma and CSF. The combination of ADX and NX caused a dissociation between peripheral and central angiotensinogen, since the values were elevated in plasma but unchanged in CSF. After the application of the converting-enzyme inhibitor captopril a significant decrease of angiotensinogen was observed in plasma only. A specific radioimmunoassay for renin substrate of rat plasma also recognized CSF angiotensinogen. There was a linear correlation between the CSF substrate levels obtained by direct and indirect measurement. In conclusion, CSF angiotensinogen appears to be immunologically similar to the plasma molecule. The angiotensinogen levels in CSF and plasma may be affected in parallel but can nevertheless be dissociated from each other.

Adrenalectomy↗
PubMed1983

[Lymphocyte populations in the peripheral blood of patients with various types of bronchial asthma].

By the aid of rosette techniques (Etotal-, early-, stable-, active-, avid-, mouse-erythrocyte-rosettes) different populations of lymphocytes in peripheral blood from 68 patients with Asthma bronchiale (20 exogen-allergic, 17 infect-induced, 16 mixed-type, 15 non-classifiable) were investigated. The total number of lymphocytes was reduced, exceptionally in cases of infect-induced Asthma bronchiale. The number of T-cells was reduced in the exogen-allergic, infect-induced type and especially in the mixed-type of Asthma bronchiale, whereas the number of B-cells did not differ from the normal values (30 healthy persons). Within the population of T-cells the number of so-called active rosettes was slightly diminished in exogen-allergic and significantly decreased in infect-induced and mixed-types. Relations between immunodeficiency and Asthma bronchiale are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

[Ferrokinetics in 1-dimensional whole-body profiles in hematologic diseases].

Quantitative whole-body linear profile scans of 59Fe, obtained by a whole-body counter, conventional ferrokinetics and hematological parameters are investigated in patients (n = 208) with various hematological-oncological diseases. Linear whole-body profile scans in controls, obtained 24 h after i.v. injection of 59Fe-transferrin, give quantitative information about sites of the erythropoietic system. Early profile scans (1 h p.i.) in patients with anemia show a typical 'iron-suction' corresponding to the fast outflow of 59Fe from the blood compartment. We found no typical change of iron distribution in Hodgkin and Non-Hodgkin lymphomas, even in patients with anemia or hemolysis there was no evidence of expansion of erythropoiesis to distal marrow sites. Our investigation does not contribute to staging of patients with Hodgkin's disease. Osteomyelofibrosis is characterized by a centrifugally expanded erythropoiesis. The value of increased iron uptake 24 h p.i. in leg regions for differential diagnosis of hemolytic anemia, chronic myelocytic leukemia, and pancytopenia where a similar pattern of iron distribution is observed will be discussed. Quantitative iron kinetics with one dimensional 59Fe profile scans give additional information in patients with displaced erythropoietic system.

Erythropoiesis↗
PubMed1982

[Sinus node function test--diagnostic value and methodologic limits].

By means of atrial stimulation methods for the establishment of the sinus node recovery time and for the indirect calculation of the so-called sinuatrial conduction time under certain methodical conditions disturbances of the sinus node automatism and of the sinuatrial conduction may be differentiated and moreover latent dysfunctions of the sinus node may be unmasked. Methodical problems in the recognition of the sinus node recovery time by higher-frequent atrial stimulation and the calculation of the sinuatrial conduction time by programmed atrial single or double manifold stimulation result above all on that account, since the various factors which determine the reaction of the sinus node in atrial stimulation are not to be surveyed in the individual case. Since there are no obligatory and reliable criteria for the judgment of the function of the sinus node a statement on sensitivity and specificity of the diagnostic stimulation methods is scarcely possible. With regard to a therapeutic decision aid a higher-frequent stimulation for the determination of the sinus node recovery time is of greater importance than the calculation of the sinuatrial conduction time. For the identification of a disturbed function of the sinus node the two parameters make a diagnostic contribution of approximately the same value.

Cardiac Pacing, Artificial↗
PubMed1982

Separation and characterization of red blood cells from newborns and infants during the first trimenon of life using a dextran density gradient: mean cellular volume and mean cellular haemoglobin concentration.

The adaptation of cell physiological parameters of erythrocytes of the newborn to erythrocytes in later life was studied by cell separation in an isopycnic dextran density gradient. The cell characteristics during the first trimester of life were followed by repeated determinations. The mean cellular haemoglobin concentration of the lightest cells is remarkably less than that of the cells of median density. This is probably due to the ongoing synthesis of haemoglobin in reticulocytes, which are highly concentrated in the top fractions. It was shown that the young cells released from the bone marrow become progressively smaller during this period with a decrease of mean cellular volume (MCV) from 104 micrometer3 at birth to 85 micrometer3 at the end of the first trimester. It has been established that this process commences during the first week of life. No difference concerning the alterations of cell parameters, especially MCV, in premature and mature infants was found. It is therefore probable that these alterations are due to changes in the external milieu following birth.

Cell Separation↗
PubMed1982

Comparative evaluation of the effects of tetracycline, rolitetracycline and doxycycline on some blood parameters related to liver function.

A comparative study was made on the effects of tetracycline (TC), rolitetracycline (RTC), and doxycycline (DC) at doses of 10-100 micrograms/g i.v. on serum GOT, GPT, bilirubin and urea levels of male and female mice. All tetracyclines at doses of 50-100 micrograms/g caused an increase of serum GOT and GPT activities in females after 2-8 h. This effect was less pronounced in males. The serum urea levels were markedly raised by TC and DC (50-100 micrograms/g) and RTC (10-100 micrograms/g). This effect was produced only in females. It was long-lasting (up to 8 h) after TC and RTC and more transient after DC. Likewise the tetracyclines affected the serum bilirubin only in females but not in males. All tetracyclines (25-100 micrograms/g) increased the amount of unconjugated and total bilirubin. This effect was most pronounced after TC, which also reduced the level of conjugated bilirubin.

Alanine Transaminase↗
PubMed1981

[The transesophageal approach to the heart in electrotherapy of tachycardia. II. Transesophageal cardioversion by means of direct current shock].

Electric experiments of cardioversion by means of direct current shock using special oesophagus electrodes were performed in 153 cases of various tachycardiac disturbances of rhythm. Here we succeeded in the conversion to the sinus rhythm in 86% of the patients with auricular flutter, in 84% of the cases with auricular fibrillation, in 3 of 4 patients with auricular tachycardias, in 10 patients with AV-junctional tachycardias without exception and in 5 of the 6 cases of ventricular tachycardias. Thus, the rate of an immediate success approximately corresponds to the conventional extrathoracic position of the electrodes. Here the smaller expenditure of energy with the possibility of an electrocardioversion also without anaesthesia as well as the readiness to the immediate electrostimulation in the case of an asystolia after cardioversion represent the essential advantages of the transoesophageal way. Despite the smaller rate of success on account of the smaller possibilities of complication, however, primarily transoesophageal stimulation techniques should be used (with the exception in auricular fibrillation), in which cases the use special oesophagus as in their failure following cardioversions by means of direct current shock transoesophageally through the same non-invasive approach. Moreover, the analysis of the oesophageally derivable ECG-potentials may facilitate the differentiation of the preexisting tachycardia.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[Alcohol and the heart].

Acute effects of alcohol on the heart manifest themselves haemodynamically as an increase of the left-ventricular pressure with decrease of the stroke volume, when the left-ventricular ejection fraction is reduced, on the basis of a disturbance of the systolic pumping function. The most important acute alcohol-conditioned metabolic disturbances of the myocardium are described. The disturbance of the systolic pumping function appearing after acute application of alcohol involves an increased need of O2 of the myocardium, which is tried to cover by means of an increased coronary blood supply. In patients with coronary heart disease in acute application of alcohol an increase of the hypoxic pain threshold develops without removal of the myocardial hypoxia. The chronic effect of alcohol on the heart may lead to an alcohol cardiomyopathy which should be defined more comprehensively, i.e. as every etiologically unclear disease of the myocardium and its function, for which cause a chronic alcohol abuse is found as the only reference. With the help of literature and of own findings is among others referred to the frequent provable disturbance of the systolic pumping function of the left ventricle and to the also frequent hypertonic regulation of the blood pressure in load in these patients. Apart from this, the symptomatology, clinic, therapy and prognosis of the alcohol cardiomyopathy are described, the pathogenesis of which are understood as multifactorial process and its full picture as terminal stage in the development of alcohol-toxic changes of the myocardium.

Alcoholism↗
PubMed1981

[Comparison of different stimulation procedures of the calculation of so-called sinoatrial conduction time].

The results of the premature individual atrial stimulation for calculating the so-called sinuatrial conduction times (SACT) were compared with those in double-manifold atrial stimulation (n = 160), frequent atrial stimulation (n = 50) and ventricular individual and double-manifold stimulation (n = 14), respectively. Premature atrial individual stimulation and atrial double-manifold stimulation in these cases gave corresponding, closely correlating results for the SACT-calculation. In frequent atrial stimulation were calculated considerably longer as well as (more infrequently) clearly shorter conduction times. Calculation errors are on the one hand thinkable due to lacking, on the other hand due to repeated sinus node depolarisation with the possibility of overdrive suppression and overdrive excitation (sinus node depression and sinus node acceleration) since the method does not allow a control of the sinus node depolarisation performed. Also in modified calculation of the SACT with consideration of the duration of spontaneous periods after stimulation the correlation to the results of the individual stimulation was relatively loose. After ventricular stimulation (and following ventriculo-atrial stimulus conduction) essentially shorter sinuatrial conduction times could be calculated than in the atrial place of stimulation. As a rule, the poststimulatory spontaneous interval showed an abbreviation compared with the duration of periods before the stimulation, in which cases the haemodynamic relations changed due to ventricular stimulation might explain the increase of frequency.

Cardiac Pacing, Artificial↗
PubMed1981

[Indications for sonography in the investigation of the thyroid gland (author's transl)].

The indications for using sonography in the investigation of the thyroid gland are discussed. Correlation of echo patterns and thyroid disease has shown that sonography deserves a place in the diagnosis of thyroid disease in the same way as the classical methods, such as clinical examination, scintigraphy, laboratory investigations and aspiration biopsy. The indications for sonography, which are illustrated by a number of examples, include: 1) when scintigraphy cannot be used, 2) pre-operative demonstration, 3) disagreement between clinical findings and the scintigram, 4) diagnosis of cysts, 5)suspicion of thyroiditis.

Humans↗