Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to S R Pattyn.
Bacterial susceptibility to a new organic acid related to nalidixic acid and oxolinic acid was tested. The in vitro susceptibility pattern of the new compound was found to be very similar to that of nalidixic acid.
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In vitro cultured mouse peritoneal macrophages are inefficient host cells for both alpha and flaviruses tested. Production of infectious virus ceased 6 to 24 h after infection, except for virulent and avirulent SF strains. This limited growth is unrelated to interferon production. No correlation was found between the LD50 of different virus strains for mice and the virus yields of in vitro infected macrophages therefrom. When macrophages from SF immunized mice were inoculated in vitro with SF or EEE, a cytopathic effect occurred, while the multiplication of SF, but not of EEE, was decreased. Virus multiplication in proteose peptone induced macrophages was enhanced for SF strains only. These results are discussed in relation to the virulence of several arboviruses for mice.
Sensitivity of Haemophilus influenzae to 5 antibiotics has been determined by the agar dilution method. Two strains out of 165 are resistant to ampicillin and 5% to tetracycline. All strains were sensitive to chloramphenicol, cotrimoxazole and cefuroxime. A simple test for rapid detection of beta-lactamase with a chromogenic cephalosporin and sensitivity testing by an agar diffusion method were evaluated for Haemophilus.
Some criteria are presented to help evaluate papers appearing in the literature claiming successful cultivation of M. leprae either in the absence or in the presence of tissue-cultured cells. Recently, electrom microscopic studies have definitely shown M. leprae to belong to the genus Mycobacterium and its division to occur through transverse section. A survey is given of the mycobacterial strains isolated in the last 10 years from leprosy lesions. These strains belong to taxonomically different species and cannot be considered to be M. leprae. No substantial claim was made concerning the in vitro growth of M. leprae and the application of the tissue culture technique has been equally disappointing. The view is expressed that progress towards the in vitro cultivation of M. leprae can be made only as a result of increased knowledge about the intracellular environment and the metabolic activities of this organism, to be obtained by the application of modern biochemical and histochemical techniques.
The increased knowledge concerning microbiology and chemotherapy of leprosy is exposed. Great stress is put on the knowledge of chemotherapy of tuberculosis that has accumulated during the last two decades and the guidelines that are equally valid for the chemotherapy of leprosy. The problems of the chemotherapy of the different forms of the disease are exposed and future lines of research indicated.
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Local immunity against the homologous virus was detected from the first until the third day of incubation in organ cultures of muscle from mice previously vaccinated with Semliki Forest Virus.
Three different techniques to study carbohydrate fermentation by Neisseriae were compared using 226 strains: growth in semi-solid cystine trypticase agar, the rapid test in phosphate buffered solutions of carbohydrates and growth on slants of solid cystine trypticase agar. The latter method was found to be the easiest to perform and is more suited for smaller laboratories, since the media used may be stored for at least 2 months.
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