PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

S Rössner

Publications and source records attributed to S Rössner.

At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Effects of ethinyl-estradiol/noretisterone combinations on serum lipoproteins.

Eleven healthy young women (age range 20-28 years) were given three different oral contraceptives (OCs) in random order, each contraceptive for 3 months. Smoking, eating, drinking and habits of physical activity were similar throughout the study period. The combinations were: ethinyl-estradiol/noretisterone (EE/NET) 35 micrograms/0.5 mg, 35 micrograms/1 mg and 50 micrograms/1 mg. The 35/0.5 and the 50/1 EE/NET combinations led to significant weight increases of 2.4 and 1.7 kg, respectively. All EE/NET combinations produced LDL-TG increases, from a pretreatment value of 0.28 +/- 0.04 (SD) mmol/l to 0.34 +/- 0.07, 0.35 +/- 0.06 and 0.42 +/- 0.13 mmol/l (P less than 0.01 for all). LDL-cholesterol increased from 2.99 +/- 0.63 mmol/l to 3.35 +/- 0.62 (P less than 0.01) after 35/1 treatment and to 3.43 +/- 0.62 mmol/l (P less than 0.001) after 50/1 treatment. These two EE/NET combinations also caused significant reductions of HDL-cholesterol, in both cases from a pretreatment value of 1.75 +/- 0.16 mmol/l to 1.64 +/- 0.24 mmol/l (P less than 0.05). Since all values after EE/NET treatment remained well within normal ranges, these low-dose OCs probably have little effect on the development of atherosclerosis due to serum lipoprotein abnormalities. However, our findings suggest that OCs may interfere with the cholesterol ester/TG exchange between LDL and HDL.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Long-term reproducibility of the intravenous fat tolerance test.

The reproducibility of the intravenous fat tolerance test (IVFTT) with Intralipid was studied in 26 healthy volunteers, in whom the test was repeated after 5-9.5 years (mean interval 6.5 years). Mean body mass, IVFTT fractional removal rate and serum TG (triglyceride) concentration were not significantly changed with time, whereas a slight increase of the serum cholesterol concentration from 5.09 +/- 0.12 to 5.54 +/- 0.19 mmol/1 (P less than 0.05) was found. The coefficient of variation intra-individually for the IVFTT k2 value was 16%. The corresponding figure for the serum TG concentration was 29%. The results suggest that the IVFTT might be a useful tool in long-term evaluation of serum TG abnormalities.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Effects of oral glycerol on food intake in man.

The amount of food ingested was measured in 12 non-obese volunteers after preloads with glycerol, glycose, and water, administered in a double-blind design. A palatable soup was served in concealed containers and on different plates and the volume, consumed on each occasion, was registered. Administration of 7.5 g glycerol 20 min before the meal reduced the mean energy intake by about 10% compared to both an equicaloric amount of glucose solution or the same volume (30 ml) of water. At the start of the meal 20 min after the preload, the plasma glycerol concentration was about 10 times higher than base-line values. The free fatty acid/glycerol ratios did not correlate to the reduction of energy intake.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1982

Rate of elimination of the intralipid fat emulsion from the circulation in ICU patients.

The rate of removal of Intralipid was studied in 2 groups of intensive care patients by analysis of the fractional removal rate after a single iv dose and by analysis of the removal rate during a constant infusion of Intralipid which immediately followed. The patients in group I were moderately ill after uncomplicated surgery whereas group 2 patients were critically ill and had a mortality of 44%. The fractional removal rate was 2-fold greater in group 1 than group 2 and controls; the 2 latter groups had similar rates of removal. During the constant infusion of Intralipid, 0.42 g/min for 3 h, group 1 patients were found to have a first order removal rate with a constant plasma concentration of Intralipid. The rate constants were not different during the entire infusion from those obtained by the single injection. In all of the group 2 patients, a zero order removal rate was present as the concentration of Intralipid particles increased linearly with time. Group 2 patients had cleared all Intralipid within 6 h after the end of the infusion. Some patients were treated with heparin and/or insulin for clinical reasons. The removal rates were not influenced in either group by these drugs. Thus, moderately traumatized patients were found to clear plasma from Intralipid at recommended infusion rates. However, in critically ill patients, the infusion rate of Intralipid may have to be adjusted below the maximal elimination capacity to avoid Intralipid accumulation in plasma.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Intravenous fat tolerance test with Intralipid in chronic renal failure.

The intravenous fat tolerance test with Intralipid has been used to evaluate the triglyceride (TG) removal capacity in 34 male patients with varying degree of chronic renal failure (CRF). The investigations were repeated in 10 patients after 2-3 years when the renal function had deteriorated further. The fractional removal rate of Intralipid (k2) was low compared to controls, regardless of degree of renal function, etiology of renal disease or treatment with antihypertensive drugs. The k2 value did not change in patients investigated twice, although there was a considerable decrease in renal function. Both in patients and controls there was a strong negative correlation between k2 and the very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) TG concentration. However, at the same k2 value, the VLDL TG concentration was higher in patients than in controls. These data suggest that the hypertriglyceridemia commonly seen in patients with CRF is caused both by an increased VLDL production and a decreased VLDL removal from the circulation. Furthermore, these changes in TG metabolism are induced early in the course of renal insufficiency.

Fat Emulsions, Intravenous↗
PubMed1982

Antihypertensive effects at rest and during exercise of a calcium blocker, nifedipine, alone and in combination with metoprolol.

The effects of metoprolol and/or nifedipine on blood pressure were studied in 12 hypertensive males at rest and during standardized exercise on an ergometer bicycle. Metoprolol (100 mg X 2) and nifedipine (10 mg X 3) gave similar blood pressure reductions both at rest and during exercise. When the drugs were combined, the antihypertensive effect was potentiated. The PQ interval was not affected during any treatment period. No adverse reactions to the combined treatment were noted. The combination of a calcium blocker with vasodilating properties with a beta-blocker, which reduces cardiac output, thus seems a logical and promising therapeutic approach in the treatment of hypertension.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Serum carotene, vitamin A, retinol-binding protein and lipoproteins before and after jejunoileal bypass surgery.

The plasma vitamin A and carotene transport in 45 obese patients was examined before and at various times after bypass surgery. The serum levels of lipoproteins, carotene, vitamin A and retinol-binding protein (RBP) were monitored and compared to those of healthy controls. LDL-cholesterol levels were decreased by 40 per cent (P less than 0.001) within the first year after surgery and remained low thereafter. The reduction of serum carotene (from a mean of 64 to 17 micrograms/dl) was rapid and constant. This change was observed already within 1-2 weeks post-surgery. The serum concentrations of carotene and LDL-cholesterol were highly correlated (r = 0.74). The concentrations of vitamin A and RBP were normal before the operation and remained so until 30 months after surgery, when slight reductions were observed compared to the control values [46 +/- 28 vs 66 +/- 11 micrograms/dl for vitamin A (P less than 0.01) and 32 +/- 8 vs 41 +/- 6 mg/l for RBP (P less than 0.01)]. No overt signs of vitamin A deficiency were observed. The mechanisms by which carotene (but not vitamin A) decreases so rapidly after bypass surgery cannot be explained by the decreased LDL levels.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Changes in high density lipoprotein subfractions and other lipoproteins by exercise.

Seventeen previously sedentary men (aged 30-45) were exercised approximately twice weekly over a 10-week period during which time there was a significant fall in low density lipoprotein cholesterol, but total high density lipoprotein (HDL) did not change. The subfraction HDL2 showed an initial fall at two weeks of training with a subsequent rise above the baseline by 10 weeks. HDL3 cholesterol tended to change in an opposite direction to HDL2 thus accounting for no significant change in total HDL cholesterol. Smoking or drinking habits did not change throughout the study. As body weights did not change significantly through the study, energy intake must have increased with probable increased very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) production. Loss of apoprotein C-peptides from HDL2 associated with activation of lipoprotein lipase, and clearance of VLDL, could have caused redistribution of C-apoproteins between HDL3 leading to the changes seen, with the establishment of a new equilibrium with continued training by 10 weeks.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Serum lipoprotein changes during atenolol treatment of essential hypertension.

Serum lipoproteins were determined in 15 patients before and during antihypertensive treatment with atenolol (0.1-0.2 g/day for a mean of 8 months. The mean blood pressure fell from 171/103 to 154/93 mm Hg (p less than 0.05). Significant lipoprotein changes were an increase in very low density triglycerides (VLDL-TG) from 1.21 +/- 0.95 (SD) to 1.62 +/- 1.24 mmol/l (p less than 0.01) and in low density (LDL) TG from 0.46 +/- 0.12 to 0.51 +/- 0.12 mmol/l (p less than 0.05). Together, these TG increases resulted in development of hypertriglyceridaemia in 7/15 patients during atenolol treatment. No effect on whole serum cholesterol or on the high density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations were found. Thus, some patients on long term treatment with atenolol seem to received the benefit of normotension at the cost of hypertriglyceridaemia. This may have practical implications, since hypertriglyceridaemia, constitutes an important risk factor for atherosclerosis.

Atenolol↗
PubMed1981

Effects of beta-adrenergic blockade on endurance and short-time performance in respect to individual muscle fiber composition.

Nine physically active males were studied three times with four different exercise tests after administration of placebo, 0.1 g atenolol, or 0.08 g propranolol in random order. The test modals were: bicycle ergometer exercise at 50% of VO2max, peak torque during knee extension, the Wingate muscle power test, and 2000 m track running. Muscle fiber composition had previously been determined. In subjects with a high percentage of slow-twitch fibers the beta-blockers caused a more marked impairment in the exercising muscles. This effect was more pronounced with the unselective beta-blocker propranolol than with atenolol. One interpretation of our findings is that peripheral sympathetic beta 2-receptors in skeletal muscles may contribute to regulating muscle metabolism.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed1981

Three year's follow-up of members of a Swedish commercial weight-reducing club.

The weight changes of 676 members of a commercial weight loosing club were analysed and a questionnaire was given to a subgroup of 150 participants. The median age at entry was 48 years. The Broca index (kg/cm - 100) ranged from 0.85 to 1.70. Only 15 males participated. The initiative to join the club came from the member herself in 59% of the cases; only 3% were referred by a physician. The drop-out frequency during an 8-week "Slim Club" course was 55%. Members who participated in more than 4 of the 8 weekly sessions had a mean weight loss of 6.2 kg (range 0.5 - 15). Members with higher initial weights lost more than those who were less overweight. The mean cost of each kg lost was about 40 Sw. cr./kg (approximately 9 US$). After 3 years, 367 members could be contacted for an interview. Their initial mean weight (+/- S. D.) was 76.1 +/- 9.8 kg. After the initial course the mean weight was 70.5 +/- 9.4 kg (p less than 0.001). Three years later the reported mean weight was 72.3 +/- 10.1 kg (p less than 0.001 versus initial weight). Thus even a short course may have significant long-term effects on weight loss. The weight-reducing club may therefore be a helpful tool in the treatment of overweight subjects.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Effects of combined procetofene--nicotinic acid therapy in treatment of hypertriglyceridaemia.

Eight males with hypertriglyceridaemia were treated with a combination of procetofene (400 mg/day) and nicotinic acid (4 g/day) for 6 weeks. Previous therapy with only procetofene (400 mg/day) had given a certain, but not complete degree of normalisation. The combined treatment lowered the VLDL TG concentration values from 3.21 to 1.11 mmol/l and increased the HDL cholesterol concentration from 1.04 to 1.43 mmol/l (P less than 0.05 for both). The significant LDL cholesterol increase from 4.45 to 5.27 mmol/l, observed during treatment with procetofene only, reverted to 4.05 mmol/l when combined therapy was given. This drug combination may be a valuable tool to obtain maximum reduction of elevated TG in the therapy of hypertriglyceridaemia.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

Tissue distribution of 14C-labelled triolein in a soybean oil emulsion. An autoradiographic study in rat and mouse.

A fed and a starved group of mice were injected with a 14C-labelled triolein emulsion, similar to Intralipid, in a dose corresponding to 0.1 mg triglyceride per gram body weight. The animals were sacrificed from 30 sec to 24 h after injection. The tissue distribution of the fat emulsion depended on the nutritional state of the animals. A marked concentration of radioactivity was found in the gastric mucosa of all animals as soon as 30 sec after injection which declined with time but was still clearly discernible in the autoradiograms 24 h after injection. Although the radioactivity only demonstrates the presence of the labelled oleic acid without indication of the degree of triglyceride lipolysis, the autoradiograms showed marked differences in the concentration of radioactivity between the various groups of skeletal muscles and between the different parts of the reticulo-endothelial system.

Animals↗