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Biomedical subjects

S Yoshimura

Publications and source records attributed to S Yoshimura.

At least 289 records · Page 16Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

[Study on the functions of synthesis and release of gonadotropins of the pituitary gland in human subjects by LH-RH 2-step test].

The pituitary gonadotropin response of synthesis and release to two step stimulation by 100 micrograms of LH-RH at 60 minutes interval was studied by radioimmunoassay of LH and FSH in normal menstrual cycling and menopause women and adult males. The blood samples were collected before LH-RH stimulation and 30, 60, 90, 120 minute after the first stimulation, respectively. The value of delta 1 was defined as either higher value at 30 or 60 minute minus the value at 0 minute. The value of delta 2 was defined as either higher value at 90, 120, or 180 minute minus the value of 60 minute. delta 1 Was explained as the release of pituitary gonadotropin and delta 2 standed for the release and synthesis of pituitary gonadotropin. delta 1 delta 2 Ratio was expressed as delta 2/delta 1 100%. If delta 2 was higher than delta 1, subsequently the value of delta 1 delta 2 ratio was larger than 100. When delta 1 was more than delta 2, then the value of delta 1 delta 2 ratio was smaller than 100. In normal menstrual women delta 1 of LH were as Preovulatory phase greater than Follicular phase greater than or equal to Luteal phase, delta 2 were as Preovulatory phase greater than Luteal phase greater than Follicular phase. The value of both delta 1 and delta 2 of FSH were Preovulatory phase greater than Follicular phase greater than Luteal phase. The delta 1 of serum LH of menopause women and adult males were higher whereas delta 2 of both serum LH and FSH of adult males were extremely low in value. delta 1 And delta 2 of serum FSH in menopause women showed higher values than those of others. delta 1 delta 2 Ratio of LH and FSH of both follicular phase and luteal phase were more than 100, indicating dominant pattern of synthesis of gonadotropin. The delta 1 delta 2 ratio of LH at preovulatory phase and of both LH and FSH in menopause women and adult males were smaller than 100, suggesting dominant pattern of release of pituitary gonadotropin. These dates suggest that our LH-RH two step test was more useful to clarify anterior pituitary function in terms of both synthesis and release of gonadotropin.

Female↗
PubMed1981

Effect of Inosie on left ventricular performance and its clinical significance.

Inosine at the dose of 200 mg was administered via central vein to 16 cases of various cardiac diseases, including effort angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, valvular disease, idiopathic cardiomyopathy, and congenital heart disease. Left ventricular performance was assessed by the time-course of various hemodynamic parameters (pulmonary wedge pressure, heart rate, LVP, LVEDP, max dp/dt, dp/dt/P, and cardiac output) including ejection fraction in some cases. Inosine caused significant decrease in pulmonary wedge pressure ranged from-7% to -47% during 5 min period following injection. Significant decrease in LVEDP ranged from -4% to -67% was also observed. Meanwhile significant decrease in systolic left ventricular pressure (LVP) was observed. In patients with relatively low value of max dp/dt (less than 1,500 mmHg/sec), the increase ranged from 100 to 300 mmHg/sec (6% to 38%) except 1 case with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy. In all cases, increase in dp/dt/P ranged from 4% to 44% during 5 min period following injection. In addition, the ejection fraction increased slightly in 2 out of the 3 cases studied. Cardiac output increased in all cases except a normal case by 1% to 31% during the period of 5 to 10 min following injection. Change in the heart rate was not significant. Quantitative evaluation disclosed the beneficial effects of inosine on the left ventricular function through the remarkable load-reducing effect and the unequivocal positive inotropic effect, particularly in the cases of disturbed functions. In addition, mild coronary vasodilation action was also noted.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[One month studies on the subacute toxicity of captopril in rats].

Subacute toxicity of captopril by daily oral administration at dose levels of 10 mg/kg, 30 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg, 300 mg/kg, 900 mg/kg and 2700 mg/kg for one month was studied in Sprague-Dawley rats. In the 2700 mg/kg group, 13 of 18 males and 17 of 18 females died with marked emaciation and abdominal distension. In the 900 mg/kg group, 1 of 18 males and 3 of 18 females died also during the administration period. In dead animals, a marked dilatation of gastrointestinal tract was noted showing multiple hemorrhagic erosions and/or ulcers in the glandular stomach. The remainder of these groups exhibited polydipsia and polyuria during the dosage period. In the 300 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg groups, all animals survived throughout the entire experimental period showing polydipsia and polyuria. In the 30 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg groups, all animals survived also throughout the entire dosage period without showing any toxic sign. Regarding plasma analysis, the BUN and creatinine concentration was significantly elevated in the group of 100 mg/kg or more. In the hematological examination, there was a decrease of erythrocyte counts, hemoglobin contents and hematocrit values in the group of 300 mg/kg or more. Pathological examinations revealed a marked thickening of the wall in afferent arterioles and interlobular arteries of the kidney in association with hypertrophy and hyperplasia of juxtaglomerular cells in 100 mg/kg, 300 mg/kg, 900 mg/kg and 2700 mg/kg groups. In these groups, multiple hemorrhagic erosions with or without ulcer were also noted in the glandular stomach. In the spleen, a slight increase of extramedullary hematopoiesis and hemosiderosis was noted in the 100 mg/kg, 300 mg/kg, 900 mg/kg and 2700 mg/kg groups, in which an increase of erythropoietic elements was also noted in the bone marrow. From these results, the maximum nontoxic dose was estimated as about 30 mg/kg/day by oral administration of captopril in the rats.

Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors↗
PubMed1981

[Twelve month studies on the chronic toxicity of captopril in rats].

The chronic administration of captopril to Sprague-Dawley rats was performed under the barrier system by feeding ad libitum with mixed diet in various concentrations of captopril with 3 months recovery period. The number of animals was 180 female and 180 male including 5 groups of control, 30, 100, 300 and 900 mg/kg/day. The maximum nontoxic dose was estimated as about 30 mg/kg/day for male but a little more than this for female rats. Body weight increase was significantly reduced in male but for the first 3 months in female rats. No death was ascribed to the toxic effect of captopril. Polydipsia and polyuria in male, and the significant increase in values of BUN and inorganic phosphate in both sexes were observed. The reduction in erythrocyte count, values of hemoglobin and hematocrit, hemosiderosis in reticulum cells of the spleen and Kupffer cells in the liver and the increase of erythropoieses indicated hemolytic anemia. Heart weight reduced while kidney weight increased. Pathological examination revealed hypertrophia and hyperplasia of JG cells and thickening of walls of afferent arterioles with hyperplasia of vascular smooth muscle cells and increase of collagen fibers. Thickening of walls extended to walls of the interlobular arteries which remained after withdrawal of captopril for 3 months though JG granules attenuated. The age-related increases of incidences of proteinuria and myocardial fibrosis were attenuated dose-dependently which are probably due to hypotension induced by captopril.

Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors↗
PubMed1981

[Three month subacute toxicity of captopril in beagle dogs].

Thirty four beagle dogs, male and female were orally given 10, 30, 100 and 200 mg/kg/day of captopril, an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, for 3 months followed by a recovery test for 4 weeks. One of 4 female dogs which were treated with the highest dose of 200 mg/kg/day throughout the experimental period died of bronchial pneumonia. Hypersalivation and occasionally vomiting was observed in dogs treated with 100 and 200 mg/kg/day. Skin eruption such as erythema and papules was observed mostly at the ventral surface of the neck, chest and upper abdomen in dogs in these two experimental groups. Histological examination of the lesion revealed cellular infiltration with edema and expansion in the dermis and slight hyperkeratosis with parakeratosis and acanthosis. Changes in erythrocyte counts, hematocrit values and hemoglobin contents during the course of administration were variable among dogs but these were obvious in animals treated with higher doses. An increase in erythropoiesis of the bone marrow, extramedullary hematopoiesis and slight hemosiderosis in liver and spleen were revealed by histological examination. Above histological observations suggest that captopril may cause hemolysis. Hypertrophy and hyperplasia of juxtaglomerular cells with increased number of JG granules were shown in the highest dosage group even 4 weeks after suspension of captopril administration. A distinct plasma renin activity supported the morphological changes. From the results of three months administration of captopril to beagle dogs, the maximum non-toxic dose may be around 10 mg/kg/day and toxic dose 100 mg/kg/day.

Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors↗
PubMed1981

[Non-invasive quantitative evaluation of aortic regurgitation by ultrasonic pulsed Doppler flowmeter (author's transl)].

A usefulness of non-invasive and quantitative evaluation of aortic regurgitation (AR) was investigated by measuring the aortic arch flow from the suprasternal notch with ultrasonic pulsed Doppler flowmeter (UPDF). Measurement of the blood flow was made on 19 patients with AR, calculating the regurgitant ratio from the waves of relative flow volume, and the estimated grade of AR was compared with the severity judged from the cineaortogram. The results were as follows: 1) The aortic arch flow was recorded in 17 out of 19 patients with AR. 2) Except mild cases, the diastolic regurgitant flow was recorded in patients with AR. 3) The regurgitant ratio obtained by the UPDF correlated well with the grade of the severity of AR judged from the cineaortogram.

Aortic Valve Insufficiency↗
PubMed1981

[Non-invasive diagnosis of the hypertrophic portion in cardiomyopathy: comparison of electrocardiographic and vectorcardiographic abnormalities with the hypertrophic portion of the left ventricle determined by two-dimensional echocardiography (author's transl)].

The electrocardiogram, vectorcardiogram and two-dimensional echocardiogram were recorded in 18 cases with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Cardiac catheterization and coronary angiography were carried out in 7 cases, which revealed that the coronary arteries were normal in all cases and no abnormal findings were observed except for hypertrophy of the ventricle. In the two-dimensional echocardiographic studies, the long axis, short axis, RAO, and LAO views of the left ventricle and the 4 chamber view were recorded. The short-axis views were obtained at the level of the chorda tendineae, the papillary muscles and the region between the papillary muscles and the cardiac apex. Left ventricular wall of each level was divided into 4 segments, including anterior, lateral, medial and posterior segments. Then, the degree of hypertrophy was estimated by summing up the wall thickness of each segment at three levels. The hypertrophic portion of the cardiac muscle thus obtained from two-dimensional echocardiograms was compared with the electrocardiographic and vectorcardiographic findings and the following conclusions were obtained. 1) Relationship of electrographic findings with the hypertrophic portion of the left ventricle in the short-axis view: The group with negative T waves in I and aVL showed asymmetric septal hypertrophy (ASH) but not apical hypertrophy. In the short-axis view of the left ventricle, the anterolateral segments were hypertrophic in all the cases. The group with negative T waves in II, III and aVF, on the other hand, had apical hypertrophy (APH) in a great number. In the short-axis view of the left ventricle, hypertrophy was observed from the anterior to medial segments in many cases. So, the hypertrophic portion of the left ventricle could be presumed by the electrocardiographic leads revealing negative T waves. 2) Relationship of vectorcardiographic findings with the hypertrophic portion of the left ventricle: In 2 of 4 cases with hypertrophy in the anterior segment, the half area vector of QRS loop in the horizontal plane and the maximum vector directed left ward and anteriorly. In cases with hypertrophy in the antero-lateral segment, the vector of QRS loop directed left ward and posteriorly. In 2 cases with hypertrophy in the posterior segment, vectors of QRS loop directed posteriorly. Then, the direction of the vector of QRS loop in the horizontal plane suggested the hypertrophic portion of the left ventricle.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

[Quantitative cineangiographic evaluation of the valvular regurgitant flow ratio by digital image processing technique (author's transl)].

By application of digital image processing technique to cineangiogram, possibility to calculate the valvular regurgitant flow ratio, especially in patents with aortic regurgitation, was examined. The image processor used was RT6404 made by Amast Computer CO, and the microcomputer to control the image processor was H68TR made by Hitachi Industrial Co. The image of the cineangiogram was photographed by televicamera, and the image processor converted the televi-signal to digitized image. Total volume and concentration of contrast medium in the ventricle was integrated in each systole and diastole. In patients without aortic regurgitation, the volume of contrast medium was not increased in the next diastole after the end of injection. On the contrary, in cases of aortic regurgitation, the volume of contrast medium was increased in the next diastole because of regurgitation. Thus, the regurgitant flow ratio could be calculated from the ejected volume in systole immediately before this diastole and the increased volume caused by the regurgitation.

Aortic Valve Insufficiency↗