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Biomedical subjects

T Hirose

Publications and source records attributed to T Hirose.

At least 847 records · Page 47Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Surgical-orthodontic approach to skeletal class III malocclusion. Analysis of 45 cases with evaluation of curved oblique osteotomy and sliding osteotomy.

A curved oblique osteotomy in which the ascending ramus was cut obliquely on a curved line from its anterior border to the angle was used for the treatment of 29 patients with skeletal Class III malocclusion, and 16 other patients were corrected by either an ordinary body ostectomy or a sliding osteotomy in the first premolar region. Both curved oblique osteotomy and sliding osteotomy could easily be performed with a Stryker's reciprocating saw, and osseous healing at the sites of surgery was rapid as a large area of intimate bony contact between the segments was obtained. The resulting profile and skeletal changes studied by cephalograms were excellent, with no significant relapse, and recovery of a stable occlusion was attained. The combined approach with orthodontists which included thorough analysis of each patient, preoperative alignment of the dental arches and postoperative care was essential for obtaining the best results.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Chemical synthesis of genes for human insulin.

A rapid chemical procedure has been developed and used for the synthesis of 29 oligodeoxyribonucleotides to build synthetic genes for human insulin. The gene for insulin B chain, 104 base pairs, and the one for A chain, 77 base pairs, were designed from the amino acid sequence of human polypeptides. They bear single-stranded cohesive termini for the EcoRI and BamHI restriction endonucleases and are designed to be inserted separately into a pBR322 plasmid. The synthetic fragments, deca- to pentadecanucleotides, were synthesized by a block phosphotriester method with trinucleotides as building blocks. Final purification was by high-performance liquid chromatography. All 29 oligonucleotides were pure and had the correct sequences.

DNA↗
PubMed1978

Efficient correction of a mutation by use of chemically synthesized DNA.

The mutated base in the am3 lysis-defective mutant of the bacteriophage phiX174 has been corrected by a combined in vitro enzymatic DNA synthesis and in vivo replication of the heteroduplex product. Chemically synthesized oligodeoxyribonucleotides carrying the wild-type sequence have been used to prime DNA synthesis with am3 phiX174 DNA serving as a template. The resultant semisynthetic heteroduplex composed of an am3(+) strand and a wild-type (-) strand, with one mismatched base pair at position 587 on the phiX174 DNA sequence, was used to infect spheroplasts. The progeny phage were analyzed by a parallel plaque assay on wild-type host, Escherichia coli C, to screen for wild-type phenotype, and on E. coli HF4714, an amber suppressor strain, to determine the total progeny phage. When a 23-base-long synthetic primer was used, about one-third of total progeny were found to be wild type. Shorter primers yielded lower percentages of wild type; they also had poorer priming activity.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1977

Expression in Escherichia coli of a chemically synthesized gene for the hormone somatostatin.

A gene for somatostatin, a mammalian peptide (14 amino acid residues) hormone, was synthesized by chemical methods. This gene was fused to the Escherichia coli beta-galactosidase gene on the plasmid pBR322. Transformation of E. coli with the chimeric plasmid DNA led to the synthesis of a polypeptide including the sequence of amino acids corresponding to somatostatin. In vitro, active somatostatin was specifically cleaved from the large chimeric protein by treatment with cyanogen bromide. This represents the first synthesis of a functional polypeptide product from a gene of chemically synthesized origin.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1977

Simultaneous recording of electroretinogram and visual evoked response. Focal stimulation under direct observation.

A system has been tested that allows simultaneous recording of the retinal response (electroretinogram [ERG]) and the occipital response (visual evoked response [VER]) with focal photic stimulation of the retina under direct observation of the fundus. A helium-neon gas laser is used as a stimulus source. The laser is chopped either by a pen motor or a rotating disc. The laser is attached to a biomicroscope through which the examiner can observe the fundus of the subject during the entire recording session. The optically clear contact lens is made with a flat surface that neutralizes refraction due to the cornea, thereby allowing fundus observation by microscope. Two metal wires mounted inside and outside of the lens serve as the electrode for the ERG. Graticules consisting of concentric circles and radial lines are projected onto the subject's fundus, providing a pattern that the examiner can use to determine the exact location to be stimulated in the fundus. With proper adjustment of stimulus and background illumination, local ERG and VER can be recorded simultaneously by stimulating the macula.

Electroretinography↗
PubMed1977

Evaluation of the risk of postoperative pulmonary complications.

Ten of 40 patients who underwent major thoracic or abdominal operations developed postoperative pulmonary complications, consisting of six massive atelectasis, three pneumonias and one edema. They were mostly thoracotomy cases and cigarette smokers. Many of these complications would have been prevented, if reliable pulmonary function tests are available to predict preoperatively such occurrence. Flow-volume curve tracing and closing volume measurement were evaluated in this respect. Both flow at the point of functional residual capacity on flow-volume curve, and the closing capacity subtracted from functional residual capacity were found to be well correlated with the occurrence of postoperative complications and can be used to evaluate the risk of pulmonary complications developing in postoperative period.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1977

Cortisol and corticosterone productions of isolated adrenal cells in neonatal rabbits.

Isolated adrenal cells of rabbits aged from 0 h to day 40 after birth were incubated for 2 h in the presence of ACTH. Thin-layer chromatography and the fluorimetric method were used to evaluate the products of these adrenal cells separately for cortisol and corticosterone. Cortisol production by adrenal cells in response to ACTH (0.1 mU) was found to be highest between 0 and 8 h after birth (0.522 +/- 0.049 mug/105 cells; mean +/- SEM). A decrease was observed at 9-20 h and this was further followed by a steady decrease up to day 35-40. Corticosterone production was 0.206 +/- 0.042 mug/105 cells between 0 and 8 h after birth. Subsequently, this level was evenly maintained up to 12-14, but it tended to increase on day 35-40. The level of cortisol production was significantly higher than that of corticosterone production at 0-20 h after birth, while the former was significantly lower than the latter from day 12-14 onwards. The ratio of corticosterone to total corticosteroids (cortisol + corticosterone) was very low (0.28 +/- 0.04) at 0-8 h after birth, but showed a progressive rise up to day 35-40, when it was 0.95 +/- 0.01. The results of the present study show that cortisol is the pre-dominant product of the adrenal cells in rabbits during early post-natal life.

Adrenal Cortex↗
PubMed1977

Selective alveolo-bronchographic findings in type B chronic obstructive lung disease patients with particular reference to lesions in small airways.

Selective alveolo-bronchography (SAB) was performed in 14 patients with type B chronic obstructive lung disease to evaluate the morphologic changes of their "small airways". The distance from the branching portion of the segmental bronchus (B9) to the end of the conducting airway was divided into three equal parts (central, middle and peripheral). In the peripheral part, interruption of the airway with a rounded or tapering end was noted at a high incidence (9 cases). Dilatation of the bronchus, irregular outline of the bronchial wall and increased angle of branching were also conspicuous in this part. Inadequate lateral branchings of airways were often observed in the middle and the peripheral part, particularly in the latter (10 cases). Generalized narrowing of an airway and narrowing especially at a branching point were observed in about one half of the cases. Fringes and/or spikes were most often seen in the central part of the airway (9 cases). These pathological appearances are considered to reflect morphologic changes in "small airway disease", and thus SAB can serve as a useful method for detecting lesions of the small airways.

Adult↗