Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to V Briese.
A patient aged 21 with metastatic choriocarcinoma was treated with Methotrexate. After twice application a severe neutropenia developed. The treatment of the febrile granulocytopenic cancer patient receiving antineoplastic therapy was performed by human gammaglobulin, transfer factor, leucocyte transfusion and selective antimicrobial modulation.
Concentration of orosomucoid, pregnancy associated alpha 2-glycoprotein (alpha 2-PAG), Schwangerschaftsprotein 1 (SP1), placental specific-tissue protein 10 (PP10), placental specific-tissue protein 12 (PP12), alpha 1-Fetoprotein (AFP) were estimated in serum samples of 83 patients with lung cancer of stages II-IV. The proteins were determined by means of the single radial immunodiffusion, the rocket immunoelectrophoresis, the radioimmunoassay and the enzymeimmunoassay. Orosomucoid, PP12 and AFP serum concentrations of the cancer group compared with those of the control group, were increased significantly. Orosomucoid (control group: means = 0.828 g/l; s = 0.301; tumour group: mean = 2.16 g/l; s = 0.862); PP12 (control group: mean = 54.08 micrograms/l; s = 61.70; tumour group: mean = 122.52 micrograms/l; s = 131.16); AFP (control group: mean = 3.05 micrograms/l; s = 3.76; Tumour group: means = 8.29 micrograms/l; s = 17.75). alpha 2-PAG was found only in 37 cases of the tumour group; SP1 in 22 cases. PP10 (control group: mean = 2.25 micrograms/l; s = 0.866; tumour group: mean = 2.503 micrograms/l, s = 1.508). On condition that 2 tested parameters at least were estimated in the pathological range the sensitivity amounted to 0.64 and the specificity to 0.92.
Mucosal immunity of the female genital tract is a part of the "Common mucosal immunity". It is possible to induce local antibodies in the female genital tract by means of oral immunization. From these investigations new perspectives in terms of immunoprophylaxis against bacterial, viral an parasitic infections come into consideration for clinical use. In the case of bacterial infections IgA blocks the attachment of pathogens to relevant mucosal tissues and cells. Predominant among the immune mechanisms is the occurrence of secretory antibodies in the fluids that bath mucosal membranes. Secretory IgA (S-IgA) is an 11S molecule (MW 390,000) consisting of two IgA monomers covalently bonded by joining chain (J chain) and complexed to one molecule of SC.S-IgA ist the main immunoglobulin of mucosal surface. A medically important group of bacterial pathogens produce IgA1 protease cleaving only IgA1 proteins. S-IgA is resistant to protease hydrolysis. The secretory component (SC) is an epithelial cell receptor for the transport of IgA dimers, polymers and IgM polymers. Systemic suppression after oral antigen application has been demonstrated with a variety of thymic-dependent antigens, including heterologous erythrocytes, haptens, and various soluble proteins. Tolerance is mediated by antigen specific T suppressor cells (Ts). Suppressor cells first appear in the gut associated lymphoid tissue and subsequently migrate to systemic sites. At present immunoglobulin estimations in secretions are of clinical importance regarding supporting diagnostic tool of mucosal infections.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
30 non-pregnant women, 250 women with normal pregnancy and 130 women with pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH) have been examined to show the presence of circulating immune complexes in serum. The immune complex concentration in normal pregnancy shows a rapid decrease from 6th up to 12th gestational week, then a plateau near to 35th week and further a slight increase. Decrease and increase can be described only with hypothesis. The immune complex concentration in 1st and 3rd trimenon of normal pregnancy was significantly different to non-pregnant women. As like as the group of normal pregnancies the women with PIH showed an increase of immune complex concentration on a higher level, but the differences between both groups were not significant.
Antibodies of IgA-class against influenza viruses were detected by an enzyme immunoassay (ELISA) in uterus homogenates and uterus lavage fluids of NMRI-mice following immunization. Immunization was performed twice by the oral route within 14 days using a live influenza vaccine (A/PR/8/34, H1N1). Specific antibodies were estimated in homogenates as well as in lavage fluids. The results support the concept of a common immune mucosal system with local antibody secretion after remote-site stimulation in the intestinal tract.
Both, in vitro and in vivo studies have shown that intravenous immunoglobulin administration in high doses is of usefulness in the therapy of bacterial infections because of synergistic effects with antibiotics. Unmodified, polyvalent immunoglobulin for intravenous administration is actually used for therapy in patients with severe generalized infections, in patients with autoimmune diseases such as idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP). ITP patients were treated with IgG i.v. 400 mg/kg KG. One can hope for practical purposes that IgG preparations administrated prophylactically decrease infectious complications in myelosuppressive phases during aggressive tumor therapy.
The importance of the mammary gland as a potential immunological organ is characterized in this literature survey by the following aspects: immunoglobulins in colostrum and mother's milk, immunological active cells in colostrum and mother's milk, nonspecific factors in the mother's milk. The importance of the early nursing is emphasized from the immunological point of view.
Secretory immunoglobulin A (S-IgA) and secretory component (SC) were estimated by means of double radial immunodiffusion and single radial immunodiffusion in 22 cystic effusions from 22 patients with cystic ovarian tumours and ovarian cysts. For the quantitative estimations of S-IgA a S-IgA standard preparation was used. S-IgA and/or SC were demonstrable in all cases of the mucinous cystadenomas and also in the cystic effusions of an endometrioid adenocarcinoma and of a serous cystadenoma. The S-IgA values were estimated between 230 and 1330 mg/1. The estimation of S-IgA in cystic effusions is useful to support and extend the histological diagnosis of ovarian tumours.
Automatic cell electrophoresis has been used to investigate electrokinetic properties and the levels of T and B lymphocytes in peripheral blood of 124 pregnant women at different stages of gestation, and in 44 healthy controls. The electrophoretic mobilities (EPM) of T and B lymphocytes in maternal peripheral blood vary only slightly throughout pregnancy. In the pregnant subjects, there is a small but significant reduction in the percentage of circulating T lymphocytes. It is concluded that an increased electrostatic repulsion between maternal lymphocytes and trophoblast cells by alterations in the surface charge of lymphocytes plays an unimportant role in protecting the allogenic fetus from maternal immune attack.
Based on the recent knowledge about synergism of antibiotics and immunoglobulin preparations the intravenous immunoglobulin application becomes significant with respect to prophylaxis and therapy of severe general infections. Immunoglobulins react specifically against surface structures of foreign bodies, inactivating in this manner small germs, viruses and toxins. Granulocytes and macrophages incorporate especially particles coated with immunoglobulins. A cumulative effect of antibiotics with respect to bactericidy could be observed in cases of an additional immunoglobulin application. Preparations available in presence are demonstrated. Those obtained by proteolysis or chemical blocking of the complement activating IgG-Fc-part are used on a large scale. Using the limitated sulfitolysis the application of an immunoglobulin was possible which was of internal structure. The so-called high dose immunoglobulin administration is to be preferred in prophylactical and therapeutical indications. In some cases fresh frozen plasma can be applicated for the purpose of immunosubstitution.
The problem was to prove the value of SP1 (pregnancy specific beta 1-glycoprotein) and PAPP-A (pregnancy-associated plasmaprotein A) estimations in maternal serum samples for diagnosis of intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR). After delivery the pediatrician confirmed the diagnose of IUGR by means of clinical assessment. SP1 was estimated in 25 serum samples from 8 patients with IUGR and in 36 samples from healthy women by means of single radial immunodiffusion (24h-RID). Low SP1-values were found in serum samples from 4 patients with IUGR. There was a significant correlation (p less than 0,01) between SP1 concentrations and pregnancy weeks only in the control group. The regression line of the IUGR group was not different from 0 significantly. The estimations of PAPP-A were performed in 17 serum samples from 6 patients with IUGR. 24 serum samples from 12 healthy pregnant women were applied to control group. There was no difference between the 2 groups. PAPP-A is not suitable for diagnosis of IUGR.
Concentration of alpha 2-macroglobulin (AMG), pregnancy associated-alpha 2-glycoprotein (alpha 2-PAG, PZ) secretory immunoglobulin A (S-IgA), pregnancy specific-beta 1-glycoprotein (SP1) and immunoglobulin E (IgE) were estimated in serum samples of 88 patients with lung cancer of stages, II-IV. The proteins were determined by means of the single radial immunodiffusion and the rocket immunoelectrophoresis. AMG and S-IgA serum concentrations of the cancer group compared with those of the control group, were increased significantly. AMG (control group: means = 1,43 g/l; s = 0,999; tumor group: means = 4,37 g/l; s = 1,758); S-IgA (control group: means = 37 mg/l; s = 16,6; tumor group: means = 48 mg/l; s = 24,2). PZ was found only in 52% of the patients with lung cancer by means of the rocket immunoelectrophoresis. The difference between the tumour and the control group was not significant. IgE could be detected only in one case with lung cancer (IgE = 2950 IU/ml). It was not possible to detect SP1 by means of the single radial immunodiffusion in serum samples of lung cancer patients.
The pregnancy specific beta 1-glycoprotein in pregnant serum samples was detected by laser nephelometry. Protein estimations were carried out in 22 serum samples with laser nephelometry as well as 24 hour radial immunodiffusion test. The correlation of these methods was proved by a linear regression model and the correlation coefficient. It was ascertained a correlation coefficient r = 0,89 (p less than 0,01). The laser nephelometry is suitable for estimations of pregnancy specific beta 1-glycoprotein in pregnant serum samples.
In a pilot study there was taken away venous blood from 26 women for quantitative examination of circulating immune complexes because of cytologic suspected or positive diagnosis of the cervix uteri before planned conization. The concentration of immune complexes would be opposed to the colposcopic, cytologic and histologic diagnoses. In comparison to 26 women with cytological inconspicuous cervix diagnoses there is a light increase of immune complex concentration, but there is no significant difference between both groups.
In cases of severe infections substitution therapy of immunoglobulins shall improve the course of the disease. At example of a case report the possibility of the immunosubstitution is demonstrated. 31 days after the radical vulvectomy a bacteriantoxic phlegmone of the cutis and the subcutis in the abdominal, genital and thigh regions has been occurred. The acute medical care consists of shock therapy, large incisions of the cutis and the subcutis and high level antibiotic therapy. In the following course the immunoglobulins (Gamma-Venin) were substituted. The serum concentrations of IgG, M and A were estimated. The dosage of Gamma-Venin amounted to 1,5 grams per day. This dosage is lower compared with the amounts reported from other authors.
A fetomaternal macrotransfusion endangers fetal life. This report describes a fetomaternal macrotransfusion of about 300 ml blood. Ante partum and intra partum monitoring showed a mild fetal tachycardia. After spontaneous delivery the newborn was severe anemic and has a mild hepatosplenomegaly and edema. The diagnosis of fetomaternal macrotransfusion was made by Kleihauer-Betke-Test with maternal blood.
Studies were conducted about the effects of noise and vibration on the ontogenesis of mouse. Application of noise and vibration was carried out in 340 female mice in the phenocritical phase. The parameters of pure sound were 100 dB and 10.000 Hz. The vibration was carried out with the oscillating velocity of 87,1 mm/s and the oscillating acceleration of 3,45 X 10(4) mm/s2. The duration of noise was 10 hours, of vibration 4 and 8 hours. In an other experiment the animals were exposed to the combination of noise (10 h) and vibration (4 h). 581 fetuses were evaluated by subsequent parameters: Fetal length and weight, placental diameter, resorptions and haematomas. It was concluded that retardations, resorptions and haematomas were results from noise and vibration exposure. A teratogenic effect of these noxes was not evident. Probable the noxes evoked stress reactions in the female animals. Subsequently a constriction of blood vessels impairs the placental function.
Report about the rare occurrence of ovarian metastases from a thymoma. Exstirpation of a lymphoepithelial thymoma was performed in a female patient at the age of twenty. 10 months afterwards a large tumour in the abdomen was the cause for a laparotomy. The situs showed a gigantic ovarian tumour (size 20 X 20 X 10 cm). The histological diagnosis was a metastatic tumour from the lymphoepithelial thymoma. Salpingo-Oophorectomy, radiotherapy and immunosuppressive therapy with glucocorticoids were used.