Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to V I Votiakov.
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The authors analyzed the data obtained in a study of 7 cases of peculiar spinal amyotrophy seen in some patients who lived in 3 adjacent villages. The disease had an incipient onset, with a prevalent localization of the pathological process in the anterior horns of the cervical part of the spinal cord and a subsequent progressive development with a lethal outcome accompanied by symptoms of respiratory insufficiency of the spinal type. The CNS was characterized by specific morphological changes. The authors are more in favour of the assumption that this disorder is of infectious nature of the group of gradual infections of the CNS.
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The pathogenic, infectious, and immunogenic properties of vaccinia virus were studied in various species of small laboratory animals (mice of different ages, Syrian hamsters, guinea pigs, white and cotton rats, rabbits). Cotton rats were found to be most susceptible to the infection. Vaccinia virus in this species causes an acute, frequently lethal infection. The inoculated virus intensively accumulated in parenchymatous organs, and this was accompanied by a marked rise of hemagglutinating and virus-neutralizing antibody levels.
A variant obtained by a single passage of the initial FPV in the presence of 25 micrograms/ml rimantadine is more resistant to the drug than the parental virus. Sensitivity to rimantadine is higher in a variant obtained similarly by cell culture infection with rimantadine-resistant FPV. Potentiation of the antiviral effect of a combination of ribavirin (12-25 micrograms/ml) and rimantadine (0.1-6 micrograms/ml) is decreased or null if rimantadine dose is increased to 12-25 micrograms/ml; this phenomenon does not depend on the sensitivity of infective virus to rimantadine. Antiviral effect of drug combination with a high concentration of rimantadine is due to ribavirin alone.
FPV/Rostock obtained in the presence of remantadine (25 micrograms/ml) is studied. This variant of the virus is characterized by a decreased amount of M1-protein. Its buoyant density in urograffin density gradient is 1.20 gamma/cm3 vs. 1.18 and 1.175 g/cm3 for initial FPV and remantadine-resistant FPV, respectively. Purification and concentration decreases the hemagglutinating activity of the virus 5-10 times more intensely than that of initial and remantadine-resistant FPV. On the other hand, the production of virus-specific proteins and intracellular distribution of hemagglutinin in this virus variant were not changed. The changes associated with a decrease of hemagglutinin and M1-protein content in virions are believed to manifest at a later stage preceding virion release from the cell.
In recent years outbreak of enterovirus infections caused by Echovirus-30 were rather frequently registered in different European countries. A major outbreak caused by this virus took place during the summer-autumn period of 1997 in the city of Gomel, Belarus. Sanitary epidemiological and molecular epidemiological studies made it possible to determine that the outbreak was water-borne. The sequence analysis of Echovirus-30 strains isolated from water and the cerebrospinal fluid of patients revealed a minor divergence between them (0.2%) indicative of their practical identity. The comparison of the Belorussian isolates with the strains isolated in Europe in 1994-1998 also showed a small percentage of differences in their genomes, which showed that the outbreak of Echovirus-30 infection was probably brought to Belarus from the territories of European countries.
The clinical picture of the experimental tick-borne encephalitis, the time course of viremia, the virus content in the central nervous system and the morphological picture were studied in 15 sheep inoculated intracerebrally with viruses isolated in Byelorussia. The two phases of clinical manifestations (febrile-meningeal and neurological stages) were found to be one of the pathogenetic features of the experimental infection due to both virus multiplication and toxico-allergic reactions on the part of the nervous system. This suggests differences in the pathogenesis of clinical manifestations in the general infectious and neurological stages of the acute period of tick-borne encephalitis in man.
The results of the study of antiviral properties of 9 derivatives of pyrimidine amino acids showed only N-(2-chloro-5-bromopyrimidil-4)-1-leucin to possess marked antiviral properties manifested in the capacity of this compound to inhibit the vaccinia virus DNA synthesis in chick embryo fibroblast culture and, consequently, to reduce the infections activity of the virus. All the other derivatives of this class have no marked antiviral properties.
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The influence of herpes simplex virus on lipid exchange and accumulation by blood vessels cells was studied. In acute herpes infection in rabbits, typical dyslipidemia characterised by a rise in the content of total cholesterol, low and very low density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides in the absence of manifest changes in concentration of high density lipoprotein was detected. HSV infection of smooth muscle cell culture of human embryo aorta was accompanied by increased accumulation of free lipids in the cells. The use of antiherpetic preparations during the infection led to correction of the lipid spectrum of the infected animals and was accompanied by normalization of intracellular lipid contents. A possible pathogenetic role of HSV in atherogenesis which may be connected with at least two processes: the development of lipidemic disturbances and formation of pathologic lipid depot in the arterial wall, is discussed.
A relation between the tick-borne encephalitis morbidity, to the cattle-breeding methods and specific and quantitative structure of dairy cattle herds in developed regions is discussed. This relation is due to the fact that cows and goats are Ixodid hosts and donors of the virus. The factors like use of ameliorated pastures in cattle-breeding practice and cattle maintenance in the stalls deprive ticks of their hosts and donors of virus. It brings to decrease of vector density, valence of foci and human morbidity. On this basis, the prognosis of human morbidity in Byelorussia is given for the following decade.
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