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Biomedical subjects

Y Adachi

Publications and source records attributed to Y Adachi.

At least 811 records · Page 45Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Synthesis of 8-(2"-hydroxyethoxy)adenosine-5',2"-phosphate derivative.

Reaction of 8-bromo-2',3'-O-isopropylidene-5'-O-(tetrahydropyran-2-yl) adenosine (Ib) with lithium 2-(tetrahydropyran-2-yloxy) ethoxide, followed by removal of the tetrahydropyran-2-yl groups, afforded 8-(2''-hydroxyethoxy)-2',3'-O-isopropylideneadenosine (II). Successive treatment of II with n-butyllithium and with methyl dichlorophosphate provided the 5',2''-(methyl phosphate) derivative (IIIa and IIIb).

Adenine Nucleotides↗
PubMed1985

Induction of rat liver bilirubin-conjugating enzymes and glutathione S-transferase by rifampicin.

After oral administration of rifampicin and 25-desacetylrifampicin, which is a major metabolite of rifampicin in man but not in rat, to male Wister rats for 7 days, hepatic microsomal cytochrome P450, cytochrome b5, and activities of aniline hydroxylase, aminopyrine demethylase, bilirubin-conjugating enzymes and supernatant glutathione S-transferase were measured. Rifampicin induced bilirubin UDP-glucuronyltransferase, bilirubin UDP-glucosyltransferase, bilirubin UDP-xylosyltransferase and glutathione S-transferase activities, but did not induce mixed function oxidase activities. No inductive effect of desacetylrifampicin on any enzymes was observed. Serum bilirubin increased till the third day, and decreased after 7 days of rifampicin treatment. Plasma clearances of indocyanine green and sulfobromophthalein showed a marked delay after 1 day and 7 days of rifampicin treatment. Induction of bilirubin-conjugating enzymes and glutathione S-transferase by rifampicin in rats was different from that in humans, in which selective induction of mixed function oxidase is reported to occur. This species difference does not seem to be derived from the species difference of rifampicin metabolism, because no effect of desacetylrifampicin was observed. These results suggested that in rats rifampicin directly inhibits the hepatic excretion of bilirubin, whereas it enhances bilirubin conjugation due to enzyme induction.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Experimental infection of young broiler chicks with Treponema hyodysenteriae.

In young broiler chicks which were inoculated with 10(8) cells of Treponema hyodysenteriae within 24 hr after hatching, numerous treponemes were observed by scanning electron microscopy on the surface of the cecal mucosa 7 and 14 days after the inoculation. However, in the groups inoculated with 10(7) cells, treponemes were not observed on the cecal mucosa 14 days after the inoculation, and the isolation rate from the cecal contents was lower than that from cecal contents of chicks inoculated with 10(8) cells. While the cecal mucosa of noninfected chicks had a smooth surface, that of the chicks infected with treponemes was generally roughened and the epithelium was eroded. Numerous treponemes were also observed within the eroded epithelium.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Laryngoplasty using suprahyoid muscles--hyoid transposition laryngoplasty.

A new technique of laryngoplasty using the function of the suprahyoid muscles (hyoid transposition laryngoplasty) was reported. Total laryngectomy is carried out as usual and the tracheal stump is anastomosed directly to the hypopharynx. The hyoid bone is cut medially, then transpositioned and sutured to the posterolateral margins of the tracheal stump. With this procedure, the new glottis is pressed strongly to the tongue base during swallowing and aspiration is avoided. Postoperative swallowing and speech in the cases operated on with this method were satisfactory, and even nasal respiration was possible in some cases.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

[Clinical study on serum immunosuppressive factors in gastric cancer patients--with special reference to preoperative ferritin levels and influence of surgical stress].

Serum ferritin values were measured preoperatively in 83 patients with gastric cancer and were found to be significantly higher than in normal subjects and mammary cancer patients. They were also significantly higher in healthy men than in women and in gastric cancer patients at stages I and IV than in those at stage III. There was no significant correlation between the serum ferritin value and various immunologic parameters. OK-432 serially administered pre- and postoperatively (A) and only postoperatively (B). The ferritin value increased markedly at one week postoperatively, reaching a peak at two weeks; at four weeks, it was reduced toward the value at one week. However, these changes in ferritin value showed no significant difference between groups A and B.

Blood Transfusion↗
PubMed1985

Photochemical synthesis of adenosine-8-phosphonic acid derivatives.

Photochemical reaction of 2',3',5'-tri-O-acetyl-8-bromoadenosine (2) with triethyl phosphite, followed by deacetylation, gave diethyl adenosine-8-phosphonate (1). Intramolecular cyclization of diethyl 8-bromo-2',3'-O-isopropylideneadenosine-5'-phosphite (6) was accomplished with photo-irradiation to yield ethyl 2',3'-O-isopropylidene-adenosine-8,5'-phosphonate (4).

Adenosine Monophosphate↗
PubMed1984

Chemical and biological characterization of salmon melanocyte-stimulating hormones.

Ten peptides related to melanocyto-stimulating hormone (MSH) have been identified in an acid acetone extract of the chum salmon pituitary. All these peptides are related to the alpha-MSH and beta-MSH families, but no peptide related to gamma-MSH has been found. This result is in accordance with the finding that the gamma-MSH segment is deleted from the N-terminal peptide of salmon pro-opiocortin (NPP I). Based on the structures of newly isolated peptides, the maturation process of MSH is discussed. The major components of salmon MSH were tested for biological activities. In the lipolytic assay with rabbit fat cells, alpha-MSH I and alpha-MSH II were equipotent, but beta-MSH I and NPP I exhibited very low or no activity. On the other hand, the des-acetyl-alpha-MSH I was found to be four times as potent as alpha-MSH I in this assay. The steroidogenic activities of alpha-MSH I and N-des-acetyl-alpha-MSH I were approximately 0.05% of the potency of ovine ACTH. All other peptides exhibited less than 0.01% potency. Salmon alpha-MSHs were found to be somewhat more potent melanophore-stimulating agents than the beta-MSHs.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗
PubMed1984

Identification of the pleiotropic cell division cycle gene NDA2 as one of two different alpha-tubulin genes in Schizosaccharomyces pombe.

Mutations in a cell-cycle gene NDA2 of Schizosaccharomyces pombe have pleiotropic effects on nuclear division, nuclear location, and thiabendazole sensitivity ( Toda et al., 1983). By transformation and nucleotide sequence determination, we identified NDA2 as one of two alpha-tubulin genes present in the genome of S. pombe. Two cloned sequences complemented cold-sensitive and thiabendazole-supersensitive nda2 mutations; one was derived from NDA2 that encodes alpha 1-tubulin, the other from an unidentified locus encoding alpha 2-tubulin. The predicted amino acid sequences showed that the alpha 1- and alpha 2-tubulins had respective residues of 455 and 449 (molecular weights 51,200 and 50,600). The homology to porcine alpha-tubulin was 76% in both cases. Frequent alterations took place in the two restricted regions. The alpha 1-tubulin (NDA2) clone had a 90 bp intervening sequence, the alpha 2-tubulin clone did not. RNA blot hybridization experiments indicated that both genes are transcribed. S. pombe tubulin was isolated by cycles of assembly and disassembly. Presumed alpha- and beta-tubulin polypeptide bands reacted with monoclonal antibodies specific for chicken alpha- and beta-tubulins.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1984

Isolated ACTH deficiency associated with Hashimoto's thyroiditis: report of a case.

A 65-year-old female with general malaise, anorexia and marked emaciation was studied by secretion stimulation tests on 6 anterior pituitary hormones. Only ACTH showed no response and the other 5 hormones responded normally. The basal value of antidiuretic hormone was normal. She was found to be suffered from primary hypothyroidism. Though neither antithyroid antibodies nor other autoantibodies were found, Hashimoto's thyroiditis was confirmed by a thyroid open biopsy. Neoplastic lesions of the hypophysis were ruled out by various X-ray and CT examinations of the sella turcica as well as the brain. The case was concluded to be isolated ACTH deficiency associated with Hashimoto's thyroiditis. The substitution therapy using small doses of adrenocortical hormone and thyroid hormone has kept her well and she has been living normally for these five years.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗