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Y Adachi

Publications and source records attributed to Y Adachi.

At least 847 records · Page 47Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

[Experimental study on levamisole modulation of antitumor immunity--1].

Experimental studies on modulation of antitumor immunity by administration of levamisole (LMS) were performed using a metastasizing rat's mammary tumor (MRMT-1) which was routinely inoculated subcutaneously at one back side of the Slc-SD rat. Experiment 1: The optimal ip dose of LMS for getting antitumor effects was found to be 2.5 mg/kg/day, administered every other day for 7 times. Administration at doses between 0.5 mg/kg and 2.5 mg/kg tended to cause tumor suppression and the doses over 10 mg/kg tended to cause tumor progression. Experiment 2: Optimal timing of starting LMS administration was found to be on day 2 of tumor inoculation. Starting LMS on day 14 of inoculation caused a tendency of transient tumor progression. Experiment 3: A slight tumor suppression was observed when splenectomy was done on day 14 of inoculation. However, when LMS was, given simultaneously, the tumor suppressive effect of splenectomy was cancelled. Experiment 4: According to immunological parameters with whole lymphocyte of peripheral blood, spleen cells and thymus cells, the mechanism of modulation of antitumor immunity by LMS administration was suggested to be an increase in immunocompetency of peripheral lymphocytes and augmentation of specific cytotoxicity. Immunocompetency of NK cells was found to be reduced. LMS was found to have some effects also on spleen and thymus cell functions.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Quantitative determination of tulobuterol and its metabolites in human urine by mass fragmentography.

A method is described for the simple and simultaneous determination of tulobuterol and its metabolites in human urine by gas chromatography--mass spectrometry. Quantification was achieved by single-ion monitoring at m/e 86 derived from trimethylsilyl-tulobuterol and its metabolites using a column packed with a mixed phase, 2% OV-1--2% QF-1 (1 : 1, w/w). The detection limits were estimated to be 2 ng/ml in urine for tulobuterol and 5 ng/ml for metabolites, respectively.

Bronchodilator Agents↗
PubMed1981

Serum glutathione S-transferase in experimental liver damage in rats.

The changes of serum glutathione S-transferase (GST) was observed after carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) administration to Wistar rats. Serum GST activity increased rapidly and reached the peak 24 hours after CCl4 administration, and decreased rapidly thereafter. Centrilobular massive necrosis was already observed at the peak time of serum GST activity. On the other hand, serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) and glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT) activities varied slowly, and the peak time of GOT and GPT activities was 36 hours after CCl4 administration. GST-containing Y fraction obtained from rat liver was injected intravenously to control and nephrectomized rats, and the plasma disappearance of GST activity was observed. The plasma disappearance of GST activity was very rapid in the control rats. When the Y fraction obtained from 1/12 g liver was injected, no statistically significant difference in the plasma GST half lives was observed between the control and nephrectomized rats. Half life of serum GST was significantly shorter in control rats receiving the Y fraction from 1/60 g liver, comparing with that in nephrectomized rats receiving the same amount of Y fraction. From these results, serum GST is concluded to be a precise index of the early stage of hepatic necrosis in the rat, and considerable amount of GST is excreted from the kidneys, but most of the enzyme is metabolized in vivo.

Alanine Transaminase↗
PubMed1981

Erythrocyte osmotic fragility in various liver diseases--application of coil planet centrifuge system.

A change in erythrocyte osmotic fragility was observed on various liver diseases by means of the coil planet centrifuge (CPC) system, and the relationship between changes in it and in serum lipids was studied. According to the CPC classification of hemolytic patterns of L, M, T and R, the frequency of appearance of T and R increased in liver cirrhosis and primary hepatoma. Hemolytic start and end points both changed considerably in primary hepatoma, acute hepatitis and liver cirrhosis. Change of hemolytic end point which shifted to the hypotonic side is more prominent than that of hemolytic start point. The hemolytic end point showed an inverse correlation to serum alkaline phosphatase and LAP, and correlation to pseudocholinesterase and albumin. Among the relations of red cell fragility and lipids of the lipoprotein fractions, free cholesterol and the ratio of free cholesterol to phospholipid in high density lipoprotein were both in remarkable inverse correlation to the hemolytic end point. Free cholesterol in high density lipoprotein was concluded one of the most important determinants of erythrocyte osmotic fragility.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1980

Serum glutathione S-transferase activity in liver diseases.

Assay conditions of human liver glutathione S-transferase and its activity in human serum from liver disease patients were investigated. One mmol/l reduced glutathione, and 1 mmol/l-1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene, pH 6.5, were used for the measurement, because of the very low non-enzymatic conjugation. Glutathione S-transferase activity was inhibited by bilirubin, but this inhibition was counteracted by the presence of a low concentration of albumin. The normal human serum glutathione S-transferase activity was 5.2 +/- 2.4 I.U./l (mean +/- S.D.), and was not influenced by any differences of age, sex or leukocyte count. A significant increase in serum enzyme activity was noted in cases of acute hepatitis with GPT exceeding 200 I.U./l, primary hepatoma and metastatic liver cancer. Some of the cases with fulminant hepatitis showed extremely high values. The degree of correlation between serum glutathione S-transferase and GOT or GPT was high in acute hepatitis, with GOT or GPT exceeding 200 I.U./l, in fulminant hepatitis, primary hepatoma and gall stones, while in chronic hepatitis and liver cirrhosis it was low. In cases of acute hepatitis and fulminant hepatitis, the disappearance of serum glutathione S-transferase from the blood was much faster than that of GOT and GPT. Serum glutathione S-transferase measurements will provide new and unique information for the diagnosis of acute liver diseases.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Isolation and structure of another beta-melanotropin from salmon pituitary glands.

A heptadecapeptide has been isolated from a side fraction of beta-MSH in an acid acetone extract of the pituitary of the salmon, Oncorhynchus keta. The sequence analysis revealed the peptide to be another form of salmon beta-MSH with following primary structure; H-Asp-Gly-Ser-Tyr-Arg-Met-Gly-His-Phe-Arg-Trp-Gly-Ser-Pro-Thr-Ala-Ile-OH. The findings of two distinctive beta-MSHs as well as two endorphins as reported previously in the pituitary extract suggest that the teleost pituitary may secrete two different precursor molecules, beta-LPH, and thus also higher molecular weight precursors.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1980

Function of positive regulatory gene gal4 in the synthesis of galactose pathway enzymes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae: evidence that the GAL81 region codes for part of the gal4 protein.

A meiotic fine structure map of the gal4 locus was constructed, which extended over 0.44 units on the chromosome (units in percent frequency of supposed recombination). Several nonsense gal4 mutations (four UAA and two supposed UGA [gal4-62 and gal4-69]) were placed at various sites on the map. In reversion experiments with 20 independently isolated gal4 mutants, only the gal4-62 and gal4-69 alleles, which are located at the same site on the map, could revert to overcome the superrepression of gal80s-1 spontaneously with a frequency of approximately 4 x 10(-7). Secondary mutations in the revertants occurred in the region of gal4-62 or were due to unlinked suppressors. A total of 15 GAL81 mutations in 19 isolates were found to be located in the same region as gal4-62 by three-point crosses with the aid of gal4 mutants; the other four could not be analyzed. The reverted gal4 gene and GAL81 mutations were semidominant over the wild-type GAL4+ allele and fully dominant over a nonsense gal4 mutation. Four suppressors (one dominant and three recessive) effective against gal4-62 and gal4-69 were isolated. The dominant suppressor was also effective against three independent, authentic auxotrophic UGA nonsense mutations, and one of the three recessive suppressors were effective against the authentic auxotrophic UAA and UAG mutations. These results strongly support the idea that the gal4 locus is expressed constitutively and codes for a regulatory protein. The GAL81 site mapped inside the locus codes for a part of the gal4 protein but does not work as an operator.

Alleles↗
PubMed1979

Plasma lecithin: cholesterol acyltransferase activity in liver disease.

The plasma lecithin: cholesterol acyltransferase was determined in patients with various liver diseases and the relationship between this enzyme activity and the other liver function tests were studied including long term observations. Lecithin: cholesterol acyltransferase activity in fulminant hepatitis and liver cirrhosis showed a significant decrease in comparison with normal volunteers. Although the enzyme activity of hepatoma showed significant decrease, they were ascribed to the influence of concomitant liver cirrhosis. The enzyme activity showed insignificant changes in the acute and chronic hepatitis and alcoholic liver disease. Lecithin: cholesterol acyltransferase activity was correlated with the concentration of cholesterolester rather than with the ratio of esters to cholesterol. In addition, it was well correlated with pseudocholine esterase and serum albumin. The lecithin: cholesterol acyltransferase activity in the cases during follow-up period varied in good parallel with cholesterol-esters concentration and pseudocholine esterase in the cases with acute hepatitis; with serum albumin in the cases with liver cirrhosis. Furthermore, it varied inversely with SGPT in the cases with acute hepatitis. In a case with hepatoma, lecithin: cholesterol acyltransferase activity decreased more sharply than the cholesterolesters concentration and serum albumin immediately before death.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Effects of bucolome and related barbiturate derivatives on the displacement of bilirubin from plasma albumin in vivo and in vitro.

Bucolome, one of barbiturate derivatives, lowers plasma bilirubin in Gilbert's syndrome without inductive effect on liver microsomal enzymes. To clarify the mechanism of this action, the study was performed concerning the effects of bucolome and five other closely related barbiturate derivatives including phenobarbital (PB) on plasma bilirubin in homozygous Gunn rats and on albumin-bilirubin binding in vitro. When 15 mg/100 g of bucolome was administered to Gunn rats, remarkable drop in plasma bilirubin continued for more than 48 hrs. This decrease of bilirubin was returned to preinjection level after intravenous injection of albumin. Three Gunn rats died as a result of administration of 30 mg/100 g. This dose caused no pathological change in control rats. In in vitro study, bucolome displaced bilirubin from human albumin strongly. PB had almost no effect on the plasma bilirubin in Gunn rats and the in vitro action was very small. Among the barbiturate derivatives, compounds which have cyclohexyl radicals in N position showed stronger plasma bilirubin decreasing effects in Gunn rats. From these results, a strong action to displace bilirubin from plasma albumin is concluded as the mechanism of bucolome to decrease plasma bilirubin.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

In vitro activity of 39 antimicrobial agents against Treponema hyodysenteriae.

The in vitro activities of 39 antimicrobial agents against 23 isolates of Treponema hyodysenteriae, the majority of which were field isolates, were determined by the agar dilution technique. Quinoxalines, pleuromutilin, nitroimidazoles, and nitrofuran were the most active. Their activities ranged from </=0.10 to 1.56 mug/ml. Lincomycin, penicillins, chloramphenicol, tetracyclines, cephalosporins, three peptides (virginiamycin, thiopeptin, and bacitracin), and one aminoglycoside (gentamicin) exhibited intermediate levels of activity ranging from 0.39 to 50 mug/ml. Four peptides (enduracidin, viomycin, bicyclomycin, and colistin), three aminoglycosides (kanamycin, streptomycin, and neomycin), polyene, and other agents, including novobiocin, vancomycin, rifampin, nalidixic acid, and p-arsanilic acid, displayed limited activities ranging from 12.5 to >/=100 mug/ml. Macrolides showed varying degrees of activity depending upon isolates.

Anaerobiosis↗