PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

Y Frances

Publications and source records attributed to Y Frances.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

ECG changes during the experimental human dive HYDRA 10 (71 atm/7,200 kPa).

Electrocardiogram (ECG) analysis was performed in three human divers during a 71 atm (7,200 kPa) saturation dive (COMEX HYDRA 10 experiment). The inhaled gas mixture was slightly hyperoxic; its composition was basically helium and oxygen. Hydrogen was introduced during compression and its partial pressure reached 20 atm. ECG changes were the same in the three divers. Marked bradycardia rapidly appeared at the beginning of compression, then this response adapted throughout the dive. P-R, QRS, and Q-T intervals and the S-T segment did not change significantly. The QRS axis remained stable. However, a rightward shift occurred in P and T vector angles. These changes were correlated with time and gas density, respectively. The modifications of ventricular repolarization during compression are similar to those we observed during the HYDRA 9 COMEX dive. They may correspond to changes in duration of myocardial cell repolarization due to increased intrathoracic pressure changes with dense-gas breathing. A marked global diminution of voltage occurred during the decompression period. This suggests that accumulation of micro bubbles in tissues may influence the impedance, causing an artifact in the amplitude of ECG complexes.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Physical training and blood pressure].

The effects of exercise training on blood pressure (BP) are reviewed. BP rises during exercise and lowers in the post-exercise period. Regular physical training result in a significant lowering of BP at rest as long as the training is continued. Moreover exercise training result in a BP lowering during exercise which is greater in hypertensive patients than in normotensive subjects. A favourable effect is observed also on ambulatory blood pressure, but the night-time blood pressure is not lowered. The mechanisms of training-induced changes of BP are not sufficiently known. The exercise training seems act on systemic vascular resistance, plasma catecholamine, PGE2 and taurine levels, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. As adequate physical training can reduce BP, we can consider it is a non pharmacological treatment of hypertension: mainly for border lines, labile and mild hypertensives patients. For certain hypertensive patients, some sports can be permitted when no target organ is involved.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Cardiac mass, ventricular relaxation parameters and their correlation with blood pressure during rest and ambulatory monitoring].

UNLABELLED: A resting blood pressure (Dynamap, 8AM-8PM, one recording every 15 minutes) has been recorded among 60 patients; mean age: 51 +/- 14 years (24 females, 36 males; 3 normotensive and 57 hypertensive WHO) and a echocardiogram TM and two-dimensional with doppler in order to measure the interventricular septum thickness, Left Ventricular Posterior Wall Thickness and the left Ventricular Internal diameter with which we can calculate the myocardial mass (MM, Devereux formula) and the myocardial mass index using the body surface. Furthermore ventricular relaxation has been studied (A/E, PHT) by using doppler echocardiogram. During the same week an ambulatory blood pressure (Nippon Colin 8AM-8PM one reading every 15 minutes) has been recorded. The blood variables are the mean of the recording, systolic, diastolic, mean. We have confirmed the conclusion between blood pressure and left ventricular mass by using resting and ambulatory blood pressure recordings. But it does not exist any significant difference within we compare the correlations coefficients (Hotteling's Test with Williams modification) obtained with two devices. In revenge this difference exists with ventricular relaxation index A/E to MBP: mMBPr = 0.51, mMBPa = 0.34 (p less than 0.05), and PHT to MBP: mMBPr = 0.49, mMBPa = 0.31, (p less than 0.05) and to the SBP: mSBPr = 0.54, mSBPa = 0.35, (p less than 0.05). CONCLUSION: the relationship between blood pressure and myocardial mass and by, the heart effect from hypertension can be studied by using in any case resting and ambulatory blood pressure recordings. This will confirm the hypothesis in which the blood pressure recordings multiplication is more important than the way of recording it.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Development of echocardiographic and Doppler parameters after orthotopic cardiac transplantation, except during rejection periods].

The aim of this study was to evaluate spontaneous changes of Doppler and echocardiographic parameters of cardiac transplants in the absence of rejection. Based on 258 recordings representing the follow up of 30 patients after orthotopic cardiac transplantation in the absence of histological signs of rejection on biopsy within 24 hours, we tried to define: the evolution of these parameters from the first postoperative week to after the 30th month (average 12 months); the Doppler echocardiographic values of "normal" transplants: the values observed one year after surgery were compared with a control group age-matched to the donors.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Blood pressure variability and morbidity].

In a previous study (resting blood pressure profile, Dinamap) we have confirmed the correlations between blood pressure and left ventricular mass (myocardial hypertrophy being one of the morbidity criteria in Hypertension) and we have demonstrated the absence of significant difference (Fisher's z Test) with the results of ambulatory recordings found in literature. Furthermore, we have showed a weaker correlation between absolute variability (AV) and left ventricular mass (LVM). If indeed there exists a cause-effect relationship between the AV increase and the LVM increase, a relative independence between VA and blood pressures mean (mBP) should still be demonstrated. In order to do that we have used the factorial analysis (main components analysis) with which a small number of independent factors can be isolated from a large number of correlated variables. A resting blood pressure (Dinamap, 8AM-8PM, one reading every 15 minutes) has been recorded among 551 patients (259 females, 292 males; 109 normotensive WHO, 442 hypertensive WHO) and an echocardiogram TM and two-dimensional in order to measure the interventricular septum thickness (IVST), the posterior wall thickness (PWT) and the left ventricular internal diameter (LVID) with which we can calculate the myocardial mass (MM, Devereux formula) and the myocardial mass index (MMI) using the body surface (BS). The blood pressure variables are the means of the recordings (mBP): systolic (mSBP), diastolic (mDBP), mean (mMBP) and their standard deviations (SSD, DSD, MSD) corresponding to the AV. We have studied the heart rate (HR) with its standard deviation (HRSD) and age.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Evaluation of the dose-effect relationship of perindopril in the treatment of arterial hypertension].

To evaluate the dose-effect relationship of antihypertensive drugs is essential to a rational determination of their effective dosage. Two double-blind and strictly controlled trials have demonstrated the effectiveness of perindopril 4 mg orally in the treatment of mild to moderate arterial hypertension (100 less than DAP less than 120 mmHg). The drug remained effective 24 hours after the last dose. The 2 mg dose proved insufficient to obtain a significant reduction of blood pressure. In case where the 4 mg dose was not sufficiently active, a better antihypertensive effect could be achieved with an 8 mg dose without major untoward reactions. The antihypertensive activity of perindopril was parallel to the percentage of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition induced by the compound. This study also illustrates clearly the value of semi-automatic blood pressure recording with the Dinamap system in the determination of dose-effect relationship, compared with the conventional sphygmomanometric method.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1989

[Relationship between heart mass and semi-ambulatory pressure profiles].

This work was undertaken with 420 patients (90 normotensives: casual blood pressure less than or equal to 140/90 mmHg and 330 hypertensives) in which was recorded a semi ambulatory blood pressure profile (Dinamap 8AM-8PM, a reading every fifteen minutes). On the same day an echocardiogram was performed. We have correlated the left ventricular mass, the left ventricular mass index, the interventricular septum, the left ventricular cavity volume and the left ventricular posterior wall with casual blood pressure, average daily blood pressure standard deviation and variation coefficient for mean blood pressure, systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure. Analysis by sex, left ventricular mass index and blood pressure level (normotensive, hypertensive): we observe a left ventricular hypertrophy in normotensive males (18 p. 100) and hypertensive ones (39.8 p. 100), in normotensive females (15 p. 100) and hypertensive ones (33.3 p. 100). Overall in 420 patients: excellent correlation (p less than 0.001) between average daily blood pressure, casual blood pressure and the four echocardiographic parameters except for left ventricular cavity volume. But correlation is better (z test of Fisher) with average daily blood pressure than with casual blood pressure. No difference exists between results obtained in women (194) and men (226). Concerning variability, four observations: there exists a correlation between standard deviation, left ventricular mass index, interventricular septum, left ventricular posterior wall (only for standard deviation of MBP). No correlation with coefficient correlation except for the MBP with septum in women. The correlation for the standard deviation are weaker than with average daily blood pressure. They are better with the septum than with other echocardiographic parameters.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Evaluation of the dose-effect relationship of perindopril in the treatment of hypertension.

The evaluation of the dose-antihypertensive effect relationship of a drug is essential for the rational determination of the effective dose. The efficacy and safety of the dose of 4 mg of perindopril in the treatment of mild-to-moderate hypertension were demonstrated by means of two double-blind studies conducted according to a rigorous methodology. This efficacy was still present 24 hours after the last dose of perindopril. The dose of 2 mg appeared to be insufficient to exert a significant antihypertensive effect. In the case of inadequate efficacy of the dose of 4 mg of perindopril, the dose of 8 mg is able to exert a greater antihypertensive effect without any major harmful effects. The antihypertensive efficacy is parallel to the percentage of converting enzyme inhibition induced by perindopril. The contribution of the automated method of blood pressure recording using the Dinamap method to establish a dose-effect relationship with reference to the classical sphygmomanometric method is clearly illustrated.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Enoxacin in the treatment of lower respiratory tract infections.

Twenty patients admitted to hospital with serious lower respiratory tract infections entered an open study of 400 mg enoxacin given orally twice a day for a minimum of seven days. Clinical signs and symptoms were completely cured or improved in six of eight patients with pneumonia, in nine of ten patients with bronchitis, and in two patients with bronchiectasis. Enoxacin was effective in eradicating the initial pathogens in 10 of 12 patients with positive cultures. Enoxacin was well tolerated. Only one treatment-related side-effect was observed during the study. Nine patients received concurrent treatment with theophylline, but no signs of theophylline toxicity were seen. Enoxacin is a safe and effective alternative to parenteral treatment of lower respiratory tract infections.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1988

Evaluation of the dose-effect relationship of a new ace inhibitor (perindopril) by an automatic blood pressure recorder.

Repeated blood pressure recordings by non-invasive devices are of better predictive value than single measurements in the evaluation of antihypertensive treatment. Such a method has been used to establish the dose-effect relationship of perindopril. After a two-week placebo run-in period, 40 patients with essential hypertension (age 56.6 +/- 1.5 years, 31 males, nine females) were treated with placebo or 2, 4 or 8 mg of perindopril once daily for one month following a randomized double-blind design. They were included if at least 75% of diastolic blood pressure recordings, made over an 8 h diurnal period using an automatic blood pressure recorder, were greater than 95 mmHg on placebo. Values (mean +/- SEM) before and after treatment were assessed using analysis of variance. These data showed a significantly greater reduction of blood pressure with 4 mg and 8 mg daily doses compared to placebo and the 2 mg daily dose. Such results were not obtained with blood pressure levels recorded by a mercury sphygmomanometer, confirming the value of an automatic blood pressure recorder as a tool in therapeutic trials.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Blood pressure variation].

A blood pressure profile at rest was recorded in 2,000 patients (1,069 females, 931 males) by DINAMAP 845 (from 8 AM to 8 PM. a record every fifteen minute). The limit between normotensive and hypertensive patients in this settled by WHO (BP = 160/95 mmHg). The analysis of percentage of pathological values (BP greater than 160/95 mmHg) allowed us to identify eight type of recordings. Normal (295), Border line hypertension less than or equal 20 p. 100 of pathological values (573), Paroxysmal hypertension (58), hypertension with predominance (963) of whom 484 with systolic predominance and 479 with diastolic predominance, Isolated systolic hypertension (15), Isolated diastolic hypertension (47), hypertension without predominance (15) and Permanent hypertension (82). The variability of blood pressure was studied by using the coefficient of variation = p. 100 of standard deviation/mean.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

[Analysis of 1,400 blood pressure profiles].

Hypertension may be defined by 3 criteria obtained by indirect, non invasive, automatic measurement of blood pressure using the DINAMAP device analyses the profile obtained over a 12 hour period (one recording every fifteen minutes): percentage of abnormal values (BP greater than 160/95 mm Hg), average values of systolic, diastolic and mean BP, variability (standard deviation of means), The analysis was based on 1,400 profiles recorded from 174 normotensive and 1,226 hypertensive patients. The following observations were made: the largest group was that of patients with predominantly diastolic hypertension under 60 years of age (81.3 p. 100 vs. 18.9 p. 100 systolic hypertension) and predominantly systolic hypertension over 60 years of age (68.9 p. 100 vs. 31.1 p. 100 diastolic hypertension), borderline hypertension (between 1 and 20 p. 100 of pathological values) is observed in 34.5 p. 100 of hypertensive patients under 60 years of age, and 21.8 p. 100 of patients over 60 years of age. This form of hypertension may be managed without drug therapy but requires a control blood pressure profile at least once a year, the other groups of patients were much smaller: pure diastolic hypertension (4.8 p. 100 in the under 60's, 0.6 p. 100 in the over 60's); pure systolic hypertension (1/1,226 cases of hypertension), permanent hypertension (5.7 p. 100 in the under 60's and 4.4 p. 100 in the over 60's), paroxysmal hypertension (2.1 p. 100 in the under 60's and 5.6 p. 100 in the over 60's).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Pharmacokinetics of isosorbide dinitrate and its mononitrate metabolites after intravenous infusion.

Plasma concentrations of isosorbide dinitrate (ISDN) and its two active metabolites 2-isosorbide mononitrate (2-ISMN) and 5-isosorbide mononitrate (5-ISMN) have been measured during and for 6 hr after intravenous infusion at a rate of 2.5 mg/hr during 1.75 hr in six cardiac patients, by a capillary gas chromatographic method. Data were analyzed by simultaneous modeling of the observed kinetics of the three compounds. Two or three phases were detected on the postinfusion ISDN concentration-time curves. ISDN concentrations declined with a mean terminal half-life of 2.81 hr +/- 0.7 SD. The mean systemic clearance of ISDN (2.9 L/min +/- 0.7 SD) and its mean total volume of distribution (259 L +/- 48 SD) were relatively high. Plasma 5-ISMN concentrations were 5- to 6-fold greater than those of 2-ISMN during the whole observation period. Maximum levels of 2-ISMN (6.7 ng/ml +/- 0.9 SD) and of 5-ISMN (27 ng/ml +/- 6 SD) occurred within a few minutes after the end of infusion. The mean half-lives of 2-ISMN (1.59 hr +/- 0.19 SD) and of 5-ISMN (3.78 hr +/- 0.79 SD) estimated by the model were smaller than those calculated by a model-independent method (2.95 hr +/- 0.41 SD and 5.98 hr +/- 2.22, respectively), but were in good agreement with those reported in the literature following separate administration of both metabolites to man. This study shows how such modeling can distinguish between metabolite formation and elimination processes and allow the determination of metabolite half-lives after administration of the precursor drug.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Long-term follow-up of mitral valve prolapse and latent tetany. Preliminary data.

The association between idiopathic mitral valve prolapse (MVP) and latent tetany (LT) is common, as shown in our previous studies on adults and children. On the basis of our experience with the effects of magnesium salts and/or beta-blockers on the symptoms of such patients, we tried to determine whether this therapy could also modify the left ventricular hyperkinesia (LVH) constantly associated with MVP. After showing the failure of short-term therapy (1-3 months), we found 12 cases treated for more than 1 year, having MVP, LVH and LT. The mean duration of this continuous therapy was 36.5 months (range 12-72 months). 5 men and 7 women (mean age 49; range 28-70) received magnesium salts (pyrrolidone carboxylate 4.5 g/day, lactate 3 g/day) either alone (2 cases) or associated with a beta-blocker (atenolol 100 mg/day, acebutolol 200-400 mg/day, propranolol, 40-160 mg/day; 10 cases). The erythrocyte magnesium was measured before, during and after therapy. All these 12 patients had repeat echocardiography at the end of the treatment. MVP was still present, as was LVH, in 50% of them. Mean erythrocyte magnesium was below the normal range before therapy (43 +/- 6.3 mg/l) and in the normal range after therapy (50.8 +/- 7 mg/l). But no relationship was found between the increase in erythrocyte magnesium and the disappearance or persistence of MVP and LVH. Therefore, the improvement of the patients' clinical status was not always followed by a significant change in erythrocyte magnesium values and in echocardiographic findings, even after long-term therapy.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed1985

[Long-term prevention of the recurrence of auricular fibrillation using cibenzoline. Multicenter study apropos of 89 case reports].

The aim of this study was to evaluate the long-term efficacy of cibenzoline in preventing recurrence of atrial fibrillation compared to a reference drug: quinidine arabo-galactane sulfate (QAGS). The two products were administered orally in a double blind multicentre trial to two different groups of patients (96 patients in all) in whom atrial fibrillation had been previously converted to sinus rhythm after having been present for at least 15 days and less than 18 months. The patients were either given four 65 mg gelules of cibenzoline (group I) or four 206 mg gelules of Longacor (group II) and were reviewed systematically after 3 days of treatment, in order to retain only those who had not relapsed during the first 72 hours (89 patients: 42 in group I; 47 in group II). As Holter monitoring was not available in all centres, follow-up was assessed by conventional ECG during clinical examination after 2 weeks, 6 weeks, 3 months and 6 months. The results seem to indicate that cibenzoline was more effective at the 6th month (20% recurrence rate in group I compared to 43.2% in group II). This difference was significant especially at the end of the 2nd week of treatment (p less than 0.04); the number of recurrences did not differ significantly between the two groups thereafter. In general the clinical tolerance was good. Biochemical tests showed a greater increase in serum transaminases (SGOT) in the cibenzoline than in the QAGS group but this difference did not attain statistical significance. We conclude that at 6 months cibenzoline is more effective than QAGS in preventing recurrent atrial fibrillation.

Adult↗