PubMed Health⌕ Search
Home/Archive/PubMed

PubMed · 11567690

Dynamic elastic modulus of 'packable' composites.

Y Abe·P Lambrechts·S Inoue·M J Braem·M Takeuchi·G Vanherle·B Van Meerbeek
View original source ↗Export metadata ↓

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: A new type of so-called 'packable', 'condensable' or 'mouldable' composite has been developed and aims at replacing amalgam for posterior restorations. The purpose of the present investigation was to study the dynamic elastic modulus of 12 packable composites, and to follow the evolution of this property following prolonged water absorption. METHODS: Of each material ten rectangular samples (1.5x5x35 mm) were prepared. The elastic modulus (GPa) of each sample was determined with a non-destructive dynamic method using a Grindo-Sonic after 24 h of dry storage at room temperature, and after 24h, 1, 3 and 6 months of wet storage at 37 degrees C. All data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA, Bonferroni/Dunn's test for multiple comparisons and paired t-test with a significance level of p<0.05. In addition, inorganic filler volume percentages were derived from the phenomenological model introduced by Braem et al. [11]. RESULTS: The studied materials varied widely in terms of elastic modulus, ranging between composites classified as Compact-Filled Densified (elastic modulus of 23.4+/-2.4 GPa) and as Microfine (elastic modulus of 8.5+/-2.1 GPa). SIGNIFICANCE: The great diversity observed in the elastic modulus of this type of composites necessitates clear specifications with regard to 'first' the definition of marketing terms such as packable and so on, and 'second' the justified use in posterior teeth.

Explore related subjects

Analysis of VarianceBicuspidComposite ResinsDental Restoration, PermanentElasticityMaterials TestingMolarStatistics, NonparametricViscosityWaterComparative StudyJournal ArticleResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Keep this discovery

Explore connections, maps & timelines

BibTeXRIS

Y Abe, P Lambrechts, S Inoue, M J Braem, M Takeuchi, G Vanherle, B Van Meerbeek. 2001. Dynamic elastic modulus of 'packable' composites.. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0109-5641(01)00012-4

Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.

KEEP EXPLORING

Related citations

PubMed2014

Molecular heterochrony and the evolution of sociality in bumblebees (Bombus terrestris).

Sibling care is a hallmark of social insects, but its evolution remains challenging to explain at the molecular level. The hypothesis that sibling care evolved from ancestral maternal care in primitively eusocial insects has been elaborated to involve heterochronic changes in gene expression. This elaboration leads to the prediction that workers in these species will show patterns of gene expression more similar to foundress queens, who express maternal care behaviour, than to established queens engaged solely in reproductive behaviour. We tested this idea in bumblebees (Bombus terrestris) using a microarray platform with approximately 4500 genes. Unlike the wasp Polistes metricus, in which support for the above prediction has been obtained, we found that patterns of brain gene expression in foundress and queen bumblebees were more similar to each other than to workers. Comparisons of differentially expressed genes derived from this study and gene lists from microarray studies in Polistes and the honeybee Apis mellifera yielded a shared set of genes involved in the regulation of related social behaviours across independent eusocial lineages. Together, these results suggest that multiple independent evolutions of eusociality in the insects might have involved different evolutionary routes, but nevertheless involved some similarities at the molecular level.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed2007

Confidence intervals for the standardized effect arising in the comparison of two normal populations.

Confidence intervals for a standardized effect are derived after stabilizing the variance of the Welch t-statistic. Simulation studies demonstrate the viability of the resulting intervals for a wide range of parameter values and sample sizes as small as five. The methodology is extended to the combination of results from several studies, so as to obtain a confidence interval for a representative standardized effect for all the studies. The methods are illustrated on a recent meta-analytic study of systolic blood pressure reduction during a weight reducing regime, as well as the classical Mumford data on psychological intervention and hospital length of stay.

Analysis of Variance↗