PubMed · 13001552
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1952-10-18. HUMAN engineering; a new technology.. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/13001552/
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Activity theory has been successfully applied in diverse schools of psychology with particularly extensive work in the fields of education, ergonomics, human factors and industrial-organizational psychology. However, existing efforts of translation and formulation in English suffer from certain limitations. These limitations include the blurring between Vygotsky's socio-cultural theory of the development of mind and activity theory, the restriction of activity theory in its entirety to the version offered by Leont'ev, errors in the interpretation of some basic concept and terminology, reliance on studies that use obsolete methods, and failure to consider the Russian work in activity theory in its entirety. This last problem results in the omission of the recent advances in engineering psychology and educational psychology in the former Soviet Union that facilitates the application of activity theory to practical problems. This paper is a description of the evolution of basic theory, concepts and terminology relevant to practitioners--particularly in the field of ergonomics.
Bernardino Ramazzini (1633-1714) systematically studied the relationship between work and diseases. He realized that it was not possible to ascribe all workers' diseases to chemicals or physical agents and foresaw that other factors were involved. He observed that common diseases could originate following the maintenance either of prolonged stationary postures or of unnatural postures (e.g. bakers, workers who stand, sedentary worker, scribes, weavers) or following activities requiring heavy muscular performance (e.g. porters and woodworkers). Furthermore, Ramazzini recognized the need to undertake measures to prevent disorders from repetitive motions and manual lifting and anticipated the now accepted advice of moderation and recommendations of reduction of work duration for a number of hard jobs requiring a standing position or severe muscular effort. From his early writings therefore it is evident that Ramazzini realized the importance of assessing the ergonomic factors associated with the occurrence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders.
A method for selecting and rating scientific and professional journals representing the discipline of ergonomics and human factors is proposed. The method is based upon the journal list, impact factors and citations provided by the Institute of Scientific Information (ISI), and the journal list published in the Ergonomics Abstracts. Three groups of journals were distinguished. The 'ergonomics journals' focus exclusively on ergonomics and human factors. The 'related journals' focus on other disciplines than ergonomics and human factors, but regularly publish ergonomics/human factors papers. The 'basic journals' focus on other technical, medical or social sciences than ergonomics, but are important for the development of ergonomics/human factors. Journal quality was rated using a maximum of four categories: top quality (A-level), high quality (B-level), good quality (C-level)) and professional (P-level). The above methods were applied to develop the Ergonomics Journal List 2004. A total of 25 'ergonomics journals', 58 'related journals' and 142 'basic journals' were classified.