PubMed · 14938106
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L E GAUL. 1952-07-12. Shoe dermatitis.. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14938106/
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OBJECTIVES: To assess the long-term efficacy of neurostimulation for treating refractory angina pectoris-like chest pain, we followed patients, treated with either transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) or spinal cord stimulation (SCS). METHODS: Neurostimulation was judged successful and subsequently continued when initial pain was reduced at least 50%. All patients started with TENS, but if skin irritation occurred during TENS, a SCS system was implanted. The quality of life was measured at baseline and follow-up with the Seattle Angina Questionnaire. Additional information was gathered concerning anti-anginal medication, complaints, and physical condition. RESULTS: Of 36 patients treated successfully with neurostimulation, we identified 24 patients after a mean (SD) follow-up period of 5.08 (3.86) years; 12 patients dropped out of the study. In 13 of the remaining 24 patients, TENS induced skin irritation. Eight of these 13 patients received successful SCS, while five refused implantation. In the 24 patients, a mean pain reduction of 57% was achieved in conjunction with an increased exercise capacity of 30% and walking distance increased from 0.73 (0.83) to 1.62 (1.62) (p=0.018). Within the Seattle Angina Questionnaire the domain 'disease perception' improved from 38.89 (16.61) to 49.31 (21.83) (p=0.004), the domain 'physical limitation' improved from 29.89 (15.10) to 40.97 (22.63) (p=0.001) and 'anginal frequency' improved from 41.67 (24.08) to 55.00 (23.03) (p=0.005). In addition, nitroglycerin consumption was reduced from 7.85 (8.49) to 1.98 (2.19) (p=0.001). CONCLUSION: Neurostimulation techniques should thus be of widespread value for treating angina pectoris-like chest pain in patients who are refractory to medication.
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BACKGROUND/AIMS: A new device allowing recording capacitance images of the skin surface was recently presented. Parameters, extracted from the gray-level histogram of the images, are tested for a new approach of skin surface hydration measurement in comparison with the classical capacitance method. Illustration of the interest of having both images and parameters for studying the homogeneity and the level of skin surface hydration are presented. METHODS: Software for selecting a region of interest from an image and measuring the parameters derived from its gray-level histogram was used to characterize skin hydration. RESULTS: There is a very close correlation between a Corneometer and the parameters extracted from the SkinChip measurements. The importance of having capacitance images of skin is demonstrated in case of non-homogeneity of the skin hydration, either because of photoaging or following an inflammation process. CONCLUSION: Capacitance imaging is a necessary tool for both completely describing and quantifying skin surface hydration.