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Gender differences in temperament: a meta-analysis.

Nicole M Else-Quest·Janet Shibley Hyde·H Hill Goldsmith·Carol A Van Hulle
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Abstract

The authors used meta-analytical techniques to estimate the magnitude of gender differences in mean level and variability of 35 dimensions and 3 factors of temperament in children ages 3 months to 13 years. Effortful control showed a large difference favoring girls and the dimensions within that factor (e.g., inhibitory control: d = -.41, perceptual sensitivity: d = -0.38) showed moderate gender differences favoring girls, consistent with boys' greater incidence of externalizing disorders. Surgency showed a difference favoring boys, as did some of the dimensions within that factor (e.g., activity: d = 0.33, high-intensity pleasure: d = 0.30), consistent with boys' greater involvement in active rough-and-tumble play. Negative affectivity showed negligible gender differences.

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FemaleHumansMalePersonalityPersonality DevelopmentPsychological TheorySex FactorsTemperamentJournal ArticleMeta-AnalysisResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

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Nicole M Else-Quest, Janet Shibley Hyde, H Hill Goldsmith, Carol A Van Hulle. 2006. Gender differences in temperament: a meta-analysis.. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.132.1.33

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