PubMed Health⌕ Search
Home/Archive/PubMed

PubMed · 1868698

Lymphocyte transformation and thiuram sensitization.

I Kimber·S Quirke·M Cumberbatch·J Ashby·D Paton·R D Aldridge·J A Hunter·M H Beck
View original source ↗Export metadata ↓

Abstract

The use of a lymphocyte transformation test (LTT) to confirm allergic contact dermatitis from thiurams has been investigated. The responses of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from thiuram-sensitive and non-sensitive individuals following culture with dimethylcarbamoyl-protein (human serum albumin; HSA) and dimethylthiocarbamoyl-HSA conjugates has been compared. Only PBMC from those patients who were patch-test-positive with thiuram-mix and sensitized to tetramethylthiuram monosulphide (TMTM) or TMTM and tetramethylthiuram disulphide (TMTD) exhibited significant proliferative responses to these conjugates. Thiuram-patch-test-negative patients and control donors with no history of allergic contact dermatitis failed to mount a significant response to any concentration of either conjugate. Two of the thiuram-sensitive patients were also nickel-patch-test-positive, and PBMC isolated from these donors, but not from nickel-patch-test-negative patients, proved positive in a nickel LTT. The data reveal that relevant hapten-protein conjugates are capable of provoking specific human lymphocyte proliferative responses in vitro, and that, using this technique, the LTT can, in principle, be used for the investigation and/or diagnosis of skin sensitization to lipophilic contact allergens.

Explore related subjects

Cell DivisionCells, CulturedDermatitis, ContactDimethylaminesHumansLeukocytes, MononuclearLymphocyte ActivationNickelPatch TestsT-LymphocytesThiramComparative StudyJournal Article

Keep this discovery

Explore connections, maps & timelines

BibTeXRIS

I Kimber, S Quirke, M Cumberbatch, J Ashby, D Paton, R D Aldridge, J A Hunter, M H Beck. 1991. Lymphocyte transformation and thiuram sensitization.. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0536.1991.tb01692.x

Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.

KEEP EXPLORING

Related citations

PubMed2007

Neuropeptide Y (NPY) in neuroblastoma: effect on growth and vascularization.

Neuroblastomas are pediatric tumors of sympathetic origin, expressing neuronal markers, such as NPY and its receptors. Due to this, neuroblastomas are often associated with elevated plasma levels of NPY, which correlates with poor clinical outcome of the disease. This clinical data corroborates the recent discovery of growth-promoting actions of NPY in neuroblastomas. The peptide has been shown to stimulate proliferation of neuroblastoma cells in an autocrine manner and induce tumor vascularization. Since both processes are mediated by the same Y2 and Y5 receptors, targeting this pathway may be a potential bidirectional therapy for these children's tumors.

Cell Division↗
PubMed2007

Characteristics, causes and evolutionary consequences of male-biased mutation.

Mutation has traditionally been considered a random process, but this paradigm is challenged by recent evidence of divergence rate heterogeneity in different genomic regions. One facet of mutation rate variation is the propensity for genetic change to correlate with the number of germ cell divisions, reflecting the replication-dependent origin of many mutations. Haldane was the first to connect this association of replication and mutation to the difference in the number of cell divisions in oogenesis (low) and spermatogenesis (usually high), and the resulting sex difference in the rate of mutation. The concept of male-biased mutation has been thoroughly analysed in recent years using an evolutionary approach, in which sequence divergence of autosomes and/or sex chromosomes are compared to allow inference about the relative contribution of mothers and fathers in the accumulation of mutations. For instance, assuming that a neutral sequence is analysed, that rate heterogeneity owing to other factors is cancelled out by the investigation of many loci and that the effect of ancestral polymorphism is properly taken into account, the male-to-female mutation rate ratio, alpham, can be solved from the observed difference in rate of X and Y chromosome divergence. The male mutation bias is positively correlated with the relative excess of cell divisions in the male compared to the female germ line, as evidenced by a generation time effect: in mammals, alpham is estimated at approximately 4-6 in primates, approximately 3 in carnivores and approximately 2 in small rodents. Another life-history correlate is sexual selection: when there is intense sperm competition among males, increased sperm production will be associated with a larger number of mitotic cell divisions in spermatogenesis and hence an increase in alpham. Male-biased mutation has implications for important aspects of evolutionary biology such as mate choice in relation to mutation load, sexual selection and the maintenance of genetic diversity despite strong directional selection, the tendency for a disproportionate large role of the X (Z) chromosome in post-zygotic isolation, and the evolution of sex.

Cell Division↗
PubMed2007

Candida gelsemii sp. nov., a yeast of the Metschnikowiaceae clade isolated from nectar of the poisonous Carolina jessamine.

A new yeast species, Candida gelsemii, is described to accommodate three isolates recovered in Georgia, USA, from the toxic nectar of the Carolina jessamine (Gelsemium sempervirens). The species resembles other members of the Metschnikowiaceae clade that have been recovered from nectar, but differs in a number of morphological and physiological characteristics. Analysis of rDNA sequences places the new species well into the clade, but in a basal position with respect to a group of Metschnikowia and Candida species known to occur in association with nectars and bees, as well as marine invertebrates. The type is strain UWOPS 06-24.1(T) (CBS 10509(T), NRRL Y-48212(T).

Cell Division↗