PubMed · 3008219
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H Grodzicka-Królak, H Horbowska-Marzec, E Małkowska. 1985. [Viral conjunctivitis].. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3008219/
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Proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) in response to injury plays a key role in the pathogenesis of vascular disorders. Fas ligand (FasL) induces apoptosis in Fas-bearing cells, and its expression on activated T cells contributes to the regulation of the immune response and physiological cell turnover. Here, we show that a replication-defective adenovirus encoding FasL (Ad-FasL) induced apoptosis in Fas-bearing VSMCs. When introduced locally to balloon-injured rat carotid arteries, a well characterized model of a VSMC-derived lesion, Ad-FasL functioned as a potent inhibitor of neointima formation. In rats immunized with an empty adenoviral vector, robust T cell infiltration of the vessel wall was detected after local delivery of a beta-galactosidase-expressing virus (Ad-betagal), whereas T cell infiltrates were not detected after local delivery of Ad-FasL. Prior immunization prevented beta-galactosidase expression from Ad-betagal, whereas the expression of the FasL transgene was unaffected. When Ad-betagal and Ad-FasL were delivered together to preimmunized animals, T cell infiltration was reduced and beta-galactosidase expression was restored. These data demonstrate that Fas ligand gene transfer can effectively inhibit injury-induced vessel lesion formation and can allow adenovirus-harboring cells to evade immune destruction.
A patient with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma who received a CD34-selected autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplant (PBSCT) developed cytomegalovirus retinitis, adenovirus-associated haemorrhagic cystitis (HC) and fatal herpes simplex virus pneumonia. Depletion of mature T cells from the graft and a persistent decrease in CD4+ lymphocytes following PBSCT may have predisposed this patient to such viral infections. Infusion of cryopreserved autologous PBSC (containing mature T cells) was effective for adenovirus-associated HC. Immunosuppression and resultant viral infections may affect patients receiving CD34-selected autologous transplantation.
Symptomatic and asymptomatic astrovirus infection was prospectively determined in a 3-year birth cohort of Mayan infants. Stool samples from 271 infants and 268 older siblings were tested for astrovirus, adenovirus 40/41, rotavirus and Salmonella, Shigella and Campylobacter species. Concurrent diarrhea, vomiting, fever, or anorexia were noted. Astrovirus was detected in 164 infants (61%) and 20 siblings (7%). Rotavirus (4%) and adenovirus 40/41 (13%) were isolated less frequently. Of all diarrheal episodes reported at a visit, 26% (78/305) were associated with astrovirus; 17% (78/452) of astrovirus infections were associated with diarrhea and 9% with other symptoms. Only diarrhea was associated with astrovirus infection (odds ratio, 1.4; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.07-1.92; P = .01). Of infants with astrovirus, 70% shed at multiple visits over a period of 2-17 weeks (median, 5). The point prevalence of astrovirus infection was significantly higher among infants than siblings (relative risk, 6.18; 95% CI, 3.93-9.72; P < .0001, chi2). Astrovirus was identified throughout the year, peaked in March and May, and decreased in September. In this population, astrovirus was the most common enteric pathogen isolated; symptomatic infection was prevalent among infants.