PubMed · 4647359
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C Frèche, J Soudant. 1972-06-21. [Obstructed nose].. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/4647359/
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Forty-four adenoids and 52 palatine tonsils from 71 children and adolescents (age 3-21 years) undergoing surgery because of adenoidal hypertrophy or recurrent tonsillitis were examined for the presence of immunoglobulin-secreting cells (ISC) employing an enzyme-linked immunospot assay (ELISPOT). ISC constituted less than 2% of the mononuclear cell population. Adenoids contained IgG, IgA, and IgM ISC in significantly lower numbers than palatine tonsils. The predominant isotype of the ISC was IgG, in adenoids accounting for 62% of the ISC and in palatine tonsils for 73%. The relative numbers for IgA and IgM ISC were similar. A significant correlation existed between autologous adenoids and palatine tonsils for the numbers of IgA and IgM ISC, but not for the numbers of IgG cells. These observations suggest that, adenoid and palatine tonsils display similar immunoglobulin distribution patterns within a single individual. However, individuals with hypertrophied adenoids exhibited a numeric decrease in IgG ISC with increasing age (P less than 0.01). Both lymphoid tissues may be involved in mucosal immune defense.
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Methods of evaluating adenoidal size pre-operatively are controversial. Symptoms and clinical evaluation have been both advocated and condemned. Depending on the methodology, measurement of the radiological adenoidal shadow has been difficult to correlate with the clinical patency of the nasopharyngeal airway and to the actual size of the removed adenoid. Four different methods were used to measure the adenoidal size on 74 radiographs. The methods were evaluated against the degree to which the adenoids obstructed the nasopharynx on flexible endoscopy of the postnasal space. Obstructive symptomatology was also evaluated against the degree of obstruction. The radiological method that best correlated to the endoscopic findings was that of Cohen and Konak (1985). However, obstructive symptomatology had the overall highest correlation to endoscopic findings.