PubMed · 7288995
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P A Riemenschneider, J W Shields. 1981-11-06. Human central lymph propulsion.. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7288995/
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PURPOSE: To evaluate the accuracy of left ventricular volumetric and functional parameters from multi-slice computed tomography using automated analysis software, and to correlate results with those of invasive left ventriculography. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In 145 consecutive patients (mean age, 61 years+/-12) known or suspected to have coronary artery disease, a 16-channel multi-slice computed tomography (Philips Mx8000 IDT 16) was performed using a standard technique. Using short-axis secondary multi-slice computed tomography reformations, we determined end-diastolic and end-systolic left ventricular volumes and ejection fraction with a commercially available analysis software capable of automated contour detection. Conventional left ventriculography was performed according to standard techniques within the following 24 h. Bland-Altman analysis was performed to calculate the limits of agreement and systematic errors between multi-slice computed tomography and conventional left ventriculography. RESULTS: As determined by computer tomography, mean end-systolic (53+/-29 mL) left ventricular volumes had an acceptable correlation with conventional ventriculography (67+/-50 mL; r=0.74; p<0.001) and mean end-diastolic (119+/-33 mL) left ventricular volumes a poor correlation with conventional ventriculography measurements (154+/-69 mL; r=0.41). Left ventricular ejection fraction (57%+/-14 versus 55%+/-14 for conventional ventriculography; r=0.79) showed a very good correlation (p<0.001). Bland-Altman analysis showed acceptable limits of agreement (+/-9.2% for ejection fraction) without systematic errors. CONCLUSION: The use of a multi-slice computed tomography with an automatic calculation software has a good correlation with conventional ventriculography findings and could accurately assess left ventricular function, but should not be used for ventricular volumes, because of biased estimations.
OBJECTIVE/HYPOTHESIS: The FluoroCAT platform of the GE InstaTrak 3500 Plus reconstructs images acquired from the GE OEC 9800 Plus fluoroscope into triplanar images which allow the surgeon to perform real-time endoscopic sinus and skull-base surgery. The radiation dosimetry for the new scanning protocol required by the FluoroCAT has not been reported. This study was designed to measure the radiation dose of a FluoroCAT scan and compare this to the dosimetry of an InstaTrak CT scan. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective study. METHODS: A standardized CT head phantom was used along with a CT ion chamber to measure radiation exposure. FluoroCAT scans were performed using the GE OEC 9800 Plus fluoroscope. Scans were performed using each of the three fluoroscopic scanning modes on the GE OEC 9800 Plus; normal fluoro, high-level fluoro, and Digital Ciné at 15 pulses per second (pps). RESULTS: The highest radiation dose was measured using Digital Ciné 15 pps. The dose measured at the center of the head phantom was 4.1 Gy while the maximum surface dose was 10.7 mGy. The center and surface radiation dose recorded from the CTDI(vol) reading on the control panel of a GE Lightspeed Plus during an InstaTrak CT scan was 85 mGy. CONCLUSIONS: Using the GE OEC 9800 Plus fluoroscope to accumulate images for the FluoroCAT platform in the InstaTrak 3500 Plus resulted in less radiation compared to an InstaTrak CT scan. This will allow multiple scans to be performed intraoperatively, giving the surgeon the opportunity to perform real-time endoscopic sinus and skull-base surgery. EBM RATING: C-4.
We discussed the usefulness of fluorogram obtained using digital X-ray cineradiography (digital-cine-fluorograpy) in the diagnosis of dysphagia, comparied with that of video-fluorograpy. Digital-cine-fluorograpy produces five frames per second. A qualitative evaluation comfirmed that five frames per second was sufficient to grasp movement during swallowing in clinical setting. Digital-cine-fluorograpy imaging was also convenient for clinical practice in that the medical records can be accessed from any workstation. Although the maximum photography time (around 10 seconds) is limited and a higher exposure dose is required, we concluded that digital-cine-fluorograpy is a useful tool for the diagnosis of dysphagia.