PubMed · 8606574
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H Kaminer. 1996-04-13. Sigmund Freud.. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8606574/
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The entry into the English language of the informal usage of schizophrenia as split personality/Jekyll and Hyde is traced and commented upon. The metaphor of split personality is followed from Eugene Bleuler via his translators and the wider psychiatric community into the present day. It, and to a lesser extent the Jekyll-Hyde personality, is found to be as much a product of the psychological professions as a product of lay misinterpretation. The informal definition of schizophrenia as split personality has outlived the scientific theory with which it was initially associated.
The term "hypermetamorphosis" was originally coined in 1859 by an almost forgotten psychiatrist from Breslau, now Wroclaw in Poland, Heinrich Wilhelm Neumann. The 1906 textbook of his assistant Wernicke transmitted the concept to Klüver and Bucy, who understood it as the "excessive tendency to take notice of and to attend and react to every visual stimulus" in their syndrome description of bitemporal lobectomy in the monkey (1937-1939). Hypermetamorphosis so far has not been properly operationalized, and the concept appears outdated. Components such as "compulsive manipulation", "magnet reaction/groping", "compulsive grasping/grasp reflex", "utilization behavior", and "environmental dependency syndrome" can be better delineated and are commonly seen in frontal rather than temporal lesions. They may occur with frontal contusion, anterior cerebral artery infarction, in diseases of the Pick complex, and basal ganglia neurodegeneration.