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PubMed1983

Moral development: a differential evaluation of dominant models.

This article examines and evaluates the supporting evidence from the prevailing models of moral development. Using the criteria of empirical relevance, intersubjectivity, and usefulness, the classical model from psychoanalytic theory, Kohlberg's and Gilligan's models from cognitive developmental theory, and the social learning theory model are reviewed. Additional considerations such as the theoretical congruency and sex role bias of certain models are briefly discussed before concluding with the current use of the models by nursing.

Cognition↗
PubMed1991

How empathy, egocentrism, Kohlberg's moral development, and Erikson's psychosocial development are related to attitudes toward war.

In this exploratory study 91 students took a questionnaire which measured their feelings of oneness with all humanity, their egocentrism, level of moral development according to Kohlberg, psychosocial development according to Erikson, and their attitude toward war, diplomacy, the Gulf war, civilians and soldiers in the Gulf area, etc. The hypothesis that empathy with humankind leads to concern about those involved and opposition to war was supported. These individuals were more likely to endorse values expressed in Kohlberg's Level 6. Students endorsing Level 4, law-and-order mortality, especially if they had no friends overseas and used no news source other than the usual U.S. mass media, were more likely to be pro-war, believe President Bush and the military briefings, and opposite reliance on diplomacy. If people had experienced war, they were more frequently against it. However, hardship experienced, lack of egocentrism, believing in a greater good for a greater number of people (Kohlberg's Level 5), and Erikson's psychosocial development were not associated with students' orientation toward war. Further research is suggested.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Moral development.

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Cultural Characteristics↗
PubMed1988

Using Tom and Huck to develop moral reasoning in adolescents: a strategy for the classroom.

The first part of this article examines some theoretical arguments for teaching moral education in the classroom. This discussion is followed by an investigation into how the use of fiction might enhance this process. Finally, a specific strategy using Mark Twain's novel, The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, is offered as an example of how this might be done.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

A case study of theory development: moral behavior in nursing.

The theoretical considerations, operationalization of the constructs, and measurement issues of an ongoing program of research designed to explain ethical practice in nursing are presented. They illustrate the constant give and take among research, the empirical world, and theory building. This case study depicts the iterative and complex process of developing constructs and relationships, based on research findings, that explain moral behavior in nursing practice.

Behavioral Research↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Moral development.

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Adolescent↗