Preneoplastic changes in ovarian tissues.

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To test whether histologically normal epithelium within ovarian inclusion cysts and stroma exhibit changes in nuclear chromatin pattern that indicate the presence of occult ovarian lesions. STUDY DESIGN: Ovaries were collected from 10 low-risk women,from 7 high-risk women and from 3 women with ovarian cancer. Histologic sections were cut at 5 microm and hematoxylin and eosin stained. High-resolution images were recorded from the epithelium lining inclusion cysts and from the underlying stroma of ovaries from these 20 subjects. A total of 2860 epithelial nuclei and 3610 stromal nuclei were recorded. Karyometric features and nuclear abnormality were computed. Discriminant analyses and unsupervised learning algorithms defined deviations from normal that were designated "above threshold" and used to compute average nuclear abnormality of a second nuclear phenotype. RESULTS: Histologically normal epithelium from inclusion cysts of ovaries harboring a malignant lesion was shown to exhibit changes in the nuclear chromatin pattern that were statistically significant using quantitative image analysis procedures. Similar changes were seen in the inclusion cyst epithelia of high-risk ovaries. A subpopulation of cells representing a new phenotype was detected in the underlying stroma of women harboring a malignant ovarian lesion and in women at high risk of ovarian cancer. CONCLUSION: The karyometric changes observed in the epithelia lining inclusion cysts and in the underlying stroma of ovaries either with ovarian cancer or at high risk of ovarian cancer suggest the presence of preneoplastic changes in histologically normal tissue.